1503 Final Flashcards ionicons-v5-c 37. why is the rao sternum preferred to the lao position THE RAO PROJECTS THE STERNUM OVER THE SHADOW OF THE HEART 36. the lao position of the sternum provides the best frontal image of the sternum with a minimal amount of distortion FALSE 35. a pt enters the ed with blunt trauma to the upper chest area. The patient is in great pain and cannot lie prone on the table or stand erect. Which of the following routines would be best for the sternum exam in this situation LPO AND HORIZONTAL BEAM LATERAL PROJECTION 34. how many true ribs does the average person have on the right side 7 33. the last rib is attached to which veterbra TWELFTH THROACIC 32. the three main parts of the sternum are the suprasternal notch, body and xiphoid FALSE 31. a radiograph of an rao sternum reveals that it is partially superimposed over the spine. What must be done to eliminate this problem durning the repeat exposure INCREASE OBLIQUITY OF THE BODY 30. the 11th and 12th ribs are considered FLOATING AND FALSE RIBS 29. the routine views for a sternum are lao and right and left lateral projections FALSE 28. which of these exposure would be preferred for an rao sternum 60 KVP, 75 MAS @ 2.0 SECONDS 27. a cross table lateral sternum us usually performing when the patient cant stand for a routine lateral projection TRUE 26. when performing an rao sternum the patient is rotated how many degrees 15 to 20 degrees 25. what is the recommend degree of obliquity for an rao projection of the sternum for an astentic type patient 20 DEGREES 24. which of the following ribs is considered to be false ribs NINTH 23. when performing lower ribs xray the exposure is made on EXPIRATION /UP to move the diaphragms and out of the way 22. the ap or pa chest x ray for the ribs should be done on the first inspiration to visualize 10 posterior ribs above the diaphragm FALSE 21. long scale contrast is desired for radiograph of the ribs for better detail FALSE 20. which ribs are considered to be true ribs 1st and 7th ribs 19. what kvp range is recommended for an ap study of the ribs found below the diaphragm 75 to 80 kvp 18. the jugular notch is commonly refer as the suprasternal notch and part of t-12 FALSE 17. the national patient safety goals are to protect the healthcare staff FALSE 16. of the routine rao of the sternum cant be performed what is the alternative projection LPO 15. a pa chest radiograph reveals that only eight ribs are seen above the diaphragm. Which of the following suggestions would improve the inspiration of the lungs TAKE THE EXPOSURE ON THE SECOND FULL INSPIRATION RATHER THAN ON THE FIRST 14. a right or left marker may be taped over the area of interest to indicate the location of the trauma to the ribs FALSE 13. which of the following techniques is most effective in preventing lung markings from obscuring the sternum USE A BREATHING TECHNIQUE (ORTHOSTATIC BREATHING) 12. what is the primary disadvantage of performing an ap projection of the chest rather than a pa INCREASE MAGNIFICATION OF THE HEART 11. the averages adult person has 24 true ribs FALSE 10. for an rao of the sternum the cr is directed to the center of the sternum, which is to the left of the midline and midway between jugular notch and xiphoid process 9. a radiograph of a lateral projection of the sternum reveals that the patients ribs are superimposed over the sternum. What needs to be done to correct this problem during the repeat exposure ENSURE THAT THE PATIENT IS NOT ROTATED 8. which of the following statements is true about radiography of the ribs located above the diaphragm SUSPEND RESPIRATION UPON INSPIRATION 7. which of the following position will best demonstrate the axilliary portion of the left ribs LPO 6. the preferred sid for a lateral sternum is 40" 5. the degree of rotation for the RAO projection of the the sternum is dependent in the size of the thoracic cavity TRUE 4. when performing an ap projection of the upper ribs the exposure is made at the end of full INSPIRATION 3. when performing oblique views of the ribs, the patient should be rotated 45 2. the xiphoid process is located at the level of t-8/t-9 FALSE 1. which of the following structures connects the anterior aspect of the ribs to the sternum COSTOCARTILAGE RIBS AND STERNUM 36. the use of the 80 kvp technique (as opposed to 90 kvp) with a corresponding mas change for an ap pelvis projection will result in higher contrast but will have what effect on the male and female gonadal dose WILL INCREASE DOSE BY 20% TO 30% 35. what is the preferred sid used for routine ap pelvis and si joints 40" 34. a radiograph of an ap pelvis reveals that the right iliac wing is foreshortened as compared with the left side. What specific positioning problem is present on the this radiograph. LEFT ROTATION 33. how many degrees should the technologist oblique the patient performing an lpo or rpo of the sacroiliac joints 25 Degrees 32. when performing a routine pelvis if the patient has one leg shorter and the leg is externally rotated this is probably a good indication that the patient has a hip fracture and the legs should be rotated internally FALSE 31. what is the projection of the pelvis that the cr is angled 40 degrees caudad PELVIS INLET 30. a radiograph of an lpo projection for sacroiliac joints reveals that the ilium is superimposed over the involved joint. What type of positioning error is present on this radiograph EXCESSIVE ROTATION OR OBLIQUITY 29. what type of contrast is desired for radiographs of the pelvis and si joints SHORT SCALE CONTRAST 28. which set if factors will produce the most long scale contrast 7.5 MAS AND 93 KVP 27. patient enters the ed having sustained trauma to the pelvis. The patients main complaint is about her left hip. Which of the following projection ahoud be taken first to rule out a fracture or dislocation AP PELVIS 26. as a general guideline where should the top of the cw imaging plate or cassette be placed for an ap projection of the pelvis 1" to 3" above the iliac crest 25. when performing a routine oblique of the pelvis the patient should be rotated how many degrees 45 DEGREES 24. which of the following conditions of the pelvis produces numerous small lytic lesion in the bony pelvis METASTATIC CARCINOMA 23. which bone of the pelvic girdle forms the anterior inferior aspect PUBIS 22. when performing an ap sacroiliac joints radiograph the cr is angled how many degrees for a female 35 DEGREES CEPHALIC 21. what is the name of the joint between the two pubic bones SYMPHISIS PUBIS 20. what is the projection of the pelvis that the cr is angled 30 to 45 degrees cephalic PELVIS OUTLET 19. which bones fuse to form the acetabulum ISCHIUM PUBIS AND ILIUM 18. the part to image reference for an oblique projection si joint states that the top of the image receptor is about 1" above the iliac crest and the cr is perpendicular to a point 1.0" medial to raised asis to the center of the image 17. the acetabulum articulates with which of the following FEMORAL HEAD 16. what is the most inferior portion of the pelvis called ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY 15. when performing an ap sacroiliac joints radiograph the cr is angled how many degrees for a male 30 DEGREES 14. a radiograph of an ap pelvis reveals that the left obturator foramen is more open or elongated as compared with the right. What is the specific positioning error present on the radiograph RIGHT ROTATION 13. where is the cr placed for an ap projection of the pelvis MIDWAY BETWEEN THE ASIS AND THE SYMPHISIS PUBIS 12. an RPO of the sacroiliac joint demonstrates the left si joint open TRUE 11. in reference to the pelvis the acronym ASIS stands for ANTERIOR SUPERIOR ILIAC SPINE 10. the radiographer should rotate the feet 15 to 20 degrees to get rid of the lesser trochanters when performing a routine pelvis 9. an lpo of the sacroiliac joint demonstrates the left si joint open FALSE 8. if the patient is rotated for an ap pelvis both obturator foramen should be clearly demonstrated FALSE 7. the term pelvis girdle refers to the total pelvis including the sacrum and coccyx FALSE 6. when performing a routine ap projection of the pelvis with no injury the feet should be INTERNALLY rotated to get rid of the lesser trochanters 5. which of the following bony structures cannot be palpated ICSHIAL SPINE 4. when performing an ap pelvis the entire pelvis and distal femurs should be demonstrated FALSE 3. the radiograph should rotate the feet inward if a fracture or dislocation is suspected to get rid of lesser trochanters FALSE 2. what is the preferred breathing technique for radiograph of the si joints SUSPEND 1. a radiograph of an ap pelvis reveals that the lesser trochanters are not visualized. This pelvis projection was performed for non traumatic reasons. What should the tech do (if anything) to correct this on the repeat exposure DO NOTHING, ACCEPT THE RADIOGRAPGH AND DON'T REPEAT THE EXPOSURE PELVIS AND SI JOINT 50. a 36 year old pt presents himself to the er with SOB. They ordered a chest pa and lateral the x rays are performed and you notice that the left lung has no vascular lung markings. The pt has most likely has left pneumothorax 49. what is the prefrred SID for radiography of the abdomen 40" 48. a well inspired average adult chest pa projection will have a minimum 10 posterior ribs seen above the diagragm 47. the left apices is clearly seen UNABLE TO TELL WHICH IS LEFT OR RIGHT AS NO MARKER USED ON THE IMAGE 46. the two most important landmarks for chest positiong JUGUALAR NOTCH AND VERTEBRA PROMINENS 45. theKUB has a RT marker placed FALSE 44. * 43. * 42. One of the national patient safety goals states that all healthcare providers must identify all patients using only their name FALSE 41. What does KUB stand for KIDNEYS URETERS BLADDER 40. When critiquing a radiograph one should have all the anatomy on the image correct positioning, no signs of collimation, a permanent marker and good technical factors FALSE 39. A grid or bucky is used to reduce scatter radiation and degrade film quality FALSE 38. The two large muscles found in the posterior abdomen adjacent to the lumbar vertebra and usually visible on an anterior oblique radiograph are called psoasmajor muscle FALSE 37. What type of respiration should be used for abdominal radiography EXPIRATION 36. The internal prominence or ridge where the trachea bifurcates into the right and left bronchi CARINA 35. A pt is in the icu after abdominal surgery. The surgeo is concerned about a possible perforated bowel. The patient is stable but cant stand up. Which of the following positions will best demonstrate any possible intra-abdominal free-air. LEFT LATERAL DECUBITUS 34. Of the following factors which one must be applied to demonstrate possible air and fluid levels in the chest PATIENT IN THE ERECT POSITION 33. Air or gas that escapes into the pleural cavity results in a condition known as PNEUMOTHORAX 32. Select the minimum number of projections generally required for a routine chest TWO PROJECTION 31. All of the following are legal rights a patient has in the imaging department except TO ASK FOR AND RECEIVE ADDITIONAL STUDIES NOT OFFERED 30. FALSE 29. While the hemidiapragms may be appear level, its is not unusual for the right hemidiaphragm to be slightly higher than the left. The gastric bubble is typically seen under the left hemidiapragm TRUE 28. What appears black (radiolucent) on chest x ray AIR 27. Select the minimum number of projections generally required for a kub ONE PROJECTION 26. Which type of body habitus requires that the image receptor be placed crosswise rather than lengthwise for a pa chest HYPERSTHENIC 25. What is an anterior posterior view THE XRAY STRIKES THE CHEST FIRST AND EXISTS THRIUGH BACK 24. Select the minimum number of projections generally required for a complete or acute abdomen 3 23. The term position can be used for both a lateral and a oblique body position TRUE 22. a 23 year old female presents to the er with cough, high fever and body aches. The nurse practioner order multiple exams including a routine chest xray. After questioning the pt, she is usure if she is pregnant. What should the tech do CALL THE ORDERING NURSE PRACTIONER AND INFORM HER OF PATIENTS CONCERN FOR PREGNANCY AND RETURN HER BACK TO THE BACK TO THE EMERGENCY ROOM FOR A PREGNANCY TEST 21. the pt comes to the er with cough , weight loss fever. A chest pa lat were ordered. When the tech views the pa chest she notices that the left costophrenic angle is blunting and not seen. The pt most like has pleura effusion/ fluid in the lung. Or pleural thickening TRUE 20. motion of the patients diaphragm can be stopped by providing proper breathing instruction TRUE 19. aethenic body type makes up approximately 10% of the population 18. which of the following object does not have to be removed or moved prior to chest radiography EYE GLASSESS 17. the average kvp range for a routine abdomen/kub is between 50-60 kvp FALSE 16. what is the primary disadvantage of performing and ap projection of the chest rather than pa INCREASED MAGNIFICATION OF THE HEART 15. a radiograph of an ap kub reveals that the obturator foramina are cut off from the bottom of the image receptor. The kidneys and symphysis pubisare demonstrated. What centering adjustment should the tech make to improve this image THIS RADIOGRAPH IS CORRECTLY CENTERED, NO CENTERING ADJUSTMENTS ARE NEEDED 14. using a permanent marker is not necessary as the radiologist should be able to figure out which side is left (LT) and right (RT) FALSE 13. a correctly positioned lateral chest radiography demonstrates some separation of the posterior ribs due to the divergent xray beam. A separation of more than 1 cm to 2cm 12. what are the four basic quadrant of the abdomen 2 and 3 11. high kvp will produce short scale contrast FALSE 10. how many separate bones are found in the adult human body 206 9. in the anatomical position a person is standing upright with lower limb together or slightly apart, feet flat on the floor and facing forward, upper limbs at the sides with palms facing inward. FALSE 8. the average kvp range for a routine chest xray is between 100-125 kvp TRUE 7. What is the preferred SID for radiography of the heart and lungs72" 6. A patient is lying on her back facing the xray tube what is the radiographic position SUPINE 5. How many minutes (minimum) should a patient be upright/erect before making the exposure of the abdomen? 5 miniutes 4. On this pa chest the clavical are equidistant with minimal rotation, the trachea in midline and the heart shadow is properly demonstrated TRUE 3. A cr angle away from the head end is referred to CAUDAD 2. A pa chest radiograph reveals that only eight ribs are seen above the diaphragm. Which of the following suggestions would improved the improve the inspiration of lungs TAKE EXPOSURE ON THE SECOND INSPIRATION RATHER THAN ON FIRST 1. A patient lying on his stomach facing down, which is the radiographic position PRONE CHEST AND ABDOMEN 50. Which carpal bone is the smallest PISIFORM 49. How much obliquity is required for a pa oblique projection of the hand 45 degrees 48. Using a table bucky device will increase magnification of the anatomy as compared to performing the same study exam on the tabletop TRUE 47. Which of the following structures is considered to be most distal STYLIOD PROCESS 46. What is the purpose of permorning the partially flexed projections of the elbow TO PROVIDE AN AP PERSPECTIVE IF PATIENT CANNOT FULLY EXTEND ELBOW 45. What is the preferred SID for radiography of the fingers 40" 44. Which of the following carpals articulates with the radius SCAPHOID 43. Which specific anatomy is better visualized with a fan lateral is compared with the other lateral projections of the hand PHALANGES 42. Which one of the following statements is not true about an ap projection of the humerus for an adult PRONATE THE HAND 41. What is the best way to reduce the production of scatter radiation USE A GRID 40. On the elbow image #3 represents ULNA 39. Where is the CR centered for a pa projection of the hand AT THE 3RD METACARPALPHALANGEAL JOINT 38. The average kVp range for a routine elbow is 85 to 90kvp FALSE 37. A nonvisible positeror fat pad on a well exposed correctly position lateral elbow radiograph generally suggest NEGATIVE STUDY FOR INJURY 36. a general positioning rule is to place the long axis of the part PARALLEL to the long axis of the image receptor 35. what is the synonym fro the trapezoid LESSER MULTANGULAR 34. which of the following action will lead to the proximal radius crossing over the ulna PRONATION OF THE HAND 33. the thumb is naturally in a 45 degree oblique position in a pa projection of the hand 32. what projection best demonstrates pathology involving the first carpometacarpal joint AP THUMB MODIFIED ROBERTS METHOD 31. patient arrives in radiology department with a metal foreign body in the palm of the hand. Which of the following hand routines should be performed on the pt confirm the location of the foreign body PA AND LATERAL IN EXTENSION PROJECTION 30. a radiograph of an ap projection of the elbow reveals that there is a complete sepeartion of the proximal radius and ulna what positioning error has been committed EXCESSIVE LATERAL ROTATION 29. how many carpal bones are found in the wrist 8 28. girds are generally not required unless the anatomy measures greater than 10 cm 27. what are two bony landmarks are palpated positioning of the elbow HUMERAL EPICONDOYLES 26. a radiograph of a pa projection of the hand revieals that the distal radius /ulna and the carpals are cut off. What should the technologist do to correct the problem REPEAT THE PA PROJECTION TO INCLUDE ALL THE CARPAL BONES AND ABOUT 1 INCH (2.5 CM) OF THE DISTAL RADIUS AND ULNA 25. Select the minimum number of the projections generally required for a routine humerus 2 24. On the elbow image above #5 represents the olecranon process FALSE 23. Select the miniumn number of projections generally required for routine elbow 2 22. Select the minimum number of the projection generally required for a routine hand 3 21. Why should the hand be slightly arched (cuffed) for a pa projection of the wrist TO REDUCE THE OID OF THE CARPAL BONES 20. Misrepresentation of an object size or shape as projected onto radiographic recording media is the general definition of DISTORTION 19. What is the term used when the fingers go away from the thumb to perform the special view of the schapoid/navicular ULAR DEVIATION 18. Where is the CR placed for a PA projection of the 3rd digit AT THE PROXIMAL INTERPHALANGELA JOINT PIP 17. When performing a lateral forearm or elbow the shoulder must be dropped to place the upper arm must be on the same vertical plane FALSE 16. When performing an AP projection of the forearm the hand must be in a SUPINATED position 15. When performing oblique views of the elbow the medial laterl rotation should be 45 degrees 14. Carelessness in positioning and SELECTION OF INCORRECT EXPOSURE FACTORS are the most common reason for repeat exposure 13. Which basic position of the elbow will best demonstrartes an elevated visible posterior fat pad LATERAL WITH 90 DEGREE FLEXION 12. A radiograph of the PA scaphoid projection reveals extensive overlap of the distal scaphoid and adjacent carpals. Which of the following factors can lead to this problem INSUFFIENT FLEXION 11. When performing xrays of the humerus the technologist should include the elbow and wrist joint FLASE 10. Which of the most commonly fractured carpal bone SCAPHOID 9. The image of the humerus demonstrates soft tissue and proper positioning with all required anatomy FALSE 8. On the elbow image above #4 represents RADIAL HEAD 7. From a pronated position which of the following is required for a PA oblique projection of the fourth digit of the hand 45 DEGREE LATERAL ROTATION 6. Which carpal articulates with both the fouth and fifth metacarpals HAMATE 5. A radiograph of the elbow demonstrates the radius directly superimposed iver the ulna and the coronoid process in profile which projection of the elbow is being performed MEDIAL ROTATION OBLIQUE 4. A 20 year old female is brought into radiology from emergency deptwith a possible fracture of the forearm and elbow. What should the tech do requarding gonadal shielding. ASK THE PT REGUARDING PREGNANCY, COVER THE AREA OF THE OVARIES AND UTERURS WITH A GONADAL SHEILD FOR HER SAFETY AND DOCUMENT THAT SHE IS NOT PREGNANT 3. Which basic projection of the elbow best demonstrates the radial head and tuberosity free of superimposition AP OBLIQUE WITH LATERAL ROTATION 2. Short scale contrast is the result of LOW KVP 1. The head of the radius articulates with the trochlea FALSE UPPER EXTERMITY 50. Extending the ankle joint or pointing the foot and toes downward is called PLANTAR FLEXION 49. When performing an ap projection of the distal femur the leg and foot must be rotated 3 to 5 degrees INTERNALLY for a true ap 48. Which of the following is a common name for the position that demonstrates the intercondyloid fossa TUNNEL VIEW 47. What are the two small bones called that are located at the first metarsal phalangeal joint SESAMOID BONES 46. Which of the labelled structures or bone identifies the base of the 5th 7 45. To ensure that both joints are included on a ap projection of the tib and fib on an dult techs should TURN THE IR DIAGNOLLY 44. The medial lateral projection is the preferred lateral for a routine foot x ray TRUE 43. When performing a routine lateral knee x ray the cr is angled how many degrees 5 degrees cephalic 42. When performing a distal femur xray the knee joint should be ___inches above the bottom of the cassette 2 41. A geriatric patient comes to the radiology department for a study of the knee the pt is unsteady and unsure of himself. Which intercondylar fossa projection would provide the best results without risk of injury to the pt CAMPCOVENTRY METHOD 40. The part to image refrerence for a lateral os calcius xray states that the cr perpendicular to the ir and enters 1 INCH INFERIOR TO THE MEDIAL MALLEOLUS 39. Which of the following should be performed to performed to properly position kin's ap projection of the ankle ANKLE JOINT FLEXED 38. Which of the labeled structures or bones identifies the body or shaft of the metarsals 13 37. When performing a lateral knee the CR is angled 5 to 7 degrees cauded so the medial and lateral condyles are superimposed FALSE 36. When performing a lateral ankle one should include the base of the 5th metatarsal and the proximal tibia and fibula on the radiograph FALSE 35. When performing a degree oblique of the foot the cr perpendicular and enters through the 30-40 and base of the 3rd metearsal 34. The PA projection of the patella is preferred because 1 and 4 only 33. Which of the following methods will demonstrate the intercondyloid fossa 1 AND 3 ONLY 32. How many tarsal bones are ther in the foot 7 31. Where should the interphalangeal joint be found in the foot BETWEEN THE PHALANGES OF THE FIRST DIGIT 30. When the ankle is rotated 15 to 20 degrees internally, this projection is known as the MORTISE 29. How many total bones are there in the foot 26 28. Where should the cr be directed for an AP projection of the knee joint 1CM DISTAL TO THE APEX OF THE PATELLA 27. How much flexion of the knee is recommended for the lateral projection of the patella 5 TO 10 DEGREES OR LESS 26. Which of the labeled structures or bones identifies the navicular 5 25. The image above represents the settegast view FALSE 24. Which position of the foot will best demonstrate the lateral third cuniform AP OBLIQUE WITH MEDIAL ROTATION 23. Which of the malleoli is part of the distal tibia MEDIAL 22. What type of contrast is desired for lower extremity radiographs when using low kvp HIGH CONTRAST/SHORT SCALE 21. What view of the patella will be obtained with the pt PA and the affected knee flexed 90 degrees SETTEGAST 20. A radiograph of an AP knee reveals rotation with almost total superimposition of the fibular head abd the proximal tibia. What must the technologist do to correct this positiong error on the repeat exposure ROTATE THE KNEE MEDIALLY 19. When performing oblique views of the knee the external or internal rotation should be 45 degrees 18. The term popliteal refers to which of the following anatomical areas POSTERIOR KNEE 17. What are the routine projections for a foot xray AP INTERNAL OBLIQUE AND MEDIAL LATERAL 16. Which of the following individuals should be asked to help hold an uncooperative patient A FAMILY MEMBER WEARING AN APRON 15. When performing an axial view of the calcaneus the CR is angled how many degrees cephalic to the long axis of the foot 40 14. What are the routine views for an ankle AP INTERNAL OBLIQUE AND LATERAL 13. Which of the following would required a lateral (external) rotation for its oblique position 5TH TOE 12. What are the routine views for a lower leg tib fib PA INTERNAL OBLIQUE AND LATERAL 11. A cross table lateral knee is usually performed when the pt cant FLEX the knee for a routine lateral projection 10. Which of the labeled structures or bones identified the lateral cuneiform 8 9. What CR angulation is required for the AP oblique projection of the foot? CR IS PERPENDICULAR TO THE IMAGE RECEPTOR 8. Which of the following terms relates to the top of the foot DORSAL 7. What are the PA method of performing the tangential view view of the patella HUGHSTON AND SETTEGAST 6. Where should the CR enter for an AP projection of the 1st toes INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT 5. Situation: a pt enters the ED with a possible transvers fracture of the patella. Which of the following routines would safely provide the best images of the patella AP and HORIZONTAL BEAM LATERAL NO FLEXION 4. In the AP foot the 2nd and 3rd metatarsal are fractured FALSE 3. What is the name od the largest bone in the lower leg tibia 2. When performing the lower leg (tibfib) one should include the knee and ankle joint a. 40" 1. What is the common SID used for xray of the toes LOWER EXTREMITIES