*20 Essential Amino Acids Flashcards

Gly / GR = H*achiral, smallnon-polarnon-reactive

Ala / AR = CH3non-polarsmall, non-reactive

Val / VR = CH3(CH3)2hydrophobic / non-polarnon-reactive

Leu / LR = "2 L's"hydrophobic / non-polarnon-reactive

Met / MR = sulfur, makes a Mhydrophobic / non-polarsulfur containing

Ile / I*chiralhydrophobic / non-polarnon-reactive

Pro / PR = cyclic (contains an N)hydrophobic / non-polar*prefers to be on the outside*structure is rigid

Arg / RR = 3 nitrogens that make a pirate hook (guanidinium)*(+ charge on carbon)hydrophylicpKa = 12.5 -> basic, will bind H+

Lys / KR = "L"ong side chain with an NH3+chargehydrophylicpKa = 10.8 -> basic, will bind H+

His / HR = Imidazole -> Nitrogen (x2) containing ringhydrophilicpKa = 6.0 -> near neutral pH, +/- (can take or lose H+)

Asp / DR = carboxylic acid, 1 carbon / - charge (A before G -> D before E)- charge -> aspartate when protonatedpKa = 4.1, acidic

Glu / ER = carboxylic acid, 2 carbons / - charge (A before G -> D before E)- charge -> glutamate when protonatedpKa = 4.1, acidic

Ser / SR = OHhydrophilic / polaruncharged

Asn / NR = A before G -> 1 Cpolar / hydrophilicuncharged

Gln / QR = A before G -> 2 C'shydrophilic / polaruncharged

Thr / TR = chiral, can be phosphorylatedpolar / hydrophilicuncharged

Cys / CR = sulfur containing, makes disulfide bonds!polar / hydrophilicpKa = 8.3, basic

Typ, WR = aromatic, 2 ringshydrophobic, less than phenylalaninenon-polarlarge, prefers to be outside

Phe / FR = benzene ring, aromatichydrophobic (more than tryptophan)large, likes to be on the outsidenon-polar

Tyr, YR = benzene w/ -OH -> can be phosphorylatedpolar / hydrophilicunchargedpKa = 10.9, basic

*20 Essential Amino Acids Flashcards ionicons-v5-c