Ascending Tracts Flashcards
what is the pathway to the brain?
post central gyrus
somatosensory pathways are often named for where they _______ and ________
originate, terminate
ascending pathways carry __________ information from the body up the spinal cord to the brain
sensory
the first neuron in the series
first order neuron
another way to say first order neuron is
primary afferent
the second neuron in the series
second order neuron
in the first order neurons, one axon comes in from the _________ and one goes to __________ as first order neuron
periphery, spinal cord
another way to say second order neuron is
secondary afferent
the cell bodies of first order neurons are in the
dorsal root ganglia
the third neuron in the series
third order neuron
what are the two branches of the spinothalamic tract
anterior spinothalamic tract, lateral spinothalamic tract
two individual ascending tracts
spinotectal tract, spinoreticular tract
what are the two branches of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract
fasciculus gracilis, fascicles cuneatus
what are the four branches of the spinocerebellar tract
anterior, cuneocerebellar, posterior, rostral
what are the three ascending spinal tracts that break off into smaller branches
spinothalamic tract, dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract, spinocerebellar tract
the lateral spinothalamic tract transmits _________ and _________
pain, temperature
the receptors in the lateral spinothalamic tract are __________ and __________
nociceptors, thermoreceptors
lateral spinothalamic tract steps1. Stimulation of __________2. Information is sent to the cell body of first order neuron in _______ root ganglion3. Enters spinal cord via dorsal root and synapses on ______ order neuron4. Majority of fibers __________5. Second order fibers project up spinal cord6. Merge with the ________ __________ tract7. Synapse in ventral posterior lateral nucleus of ________8. Third order fibers ascend to ______ ______ _______ via internal capsule
receptor, dorsal, second, decussate, medial lemniscal, thalamus, post central gyrus
other names for post central gyrus
primary somatosensory area, s1, brodmann's 312
lesion of the lateral spinothalamic tract, complete spinal cord injury
complete loss of pain and temperature
lesion of the lateral spinothalamic tract, hemi-section injury of the spinal cord
contralateral loss of pain and temperature on opposite side
lesion of the lateral spinothalamic tract, stroke affecting internal capsule
contralateral loss of pain and temperature
lesion of the lateral spinothalamic tract, stroke affecting s1
contralateral loss of pain and temperature
anterior spinothalamic tract steps1. Stimulation of receptor2. Information is sent to ____ ______ of first order neuron in dorsal root ganglion3. Enters spinal cord via formal root and synapses on second order neuron4. Fibers _________5. Second order fibers project up spinal cord6. Joins the lateral tract in the _______7. Synapse in ________ ____ ____ ____ ______8. Third order fibers ascend to post central gyrus via ______ _______
cell body, decussate, medulla, VPL nucleus in the thalamus, internal capsule
lesion of anterior spinothalamic tract, complete spinal cord injury
no touch or pressure sensations below injury bilaterally
lesion of anterior spinothalamic tract, hemi-section injury of the spinal cord
contralateral loss of touch and pressure
lesion of anterior spinothalamic tract, stroke affecting brainstem
contralateral loss of touch and pressure
lesion of anterior spinothalamic tract, stroke affecting s1
contralateral loss of touch and pressure
steps for spinoreticular tract1. Stimulation of receptor2. Information sent to cell body in dorsal root ganglion3. Enters spinal cord via dorsal root and synapses on _______ order neuron4. Majority of fibers ______5. Second order neurons project up spinal cord6. Some fibers synapse in reticular formation of _______7. Some fibers synapse in intralaminar nuclei of _________8. Increases _______
second, decussate, midbrain, thalamus, arousal
spinoreticular tract does not go to ______ so response to pain is _______ not ______ of pain, however, this tract is typically activated in conjunction with LSTT
s1, arousal, perception
anterolateral system is comprised of _________ tracts, ________ tract, ________ tract, all of which have a role in the perception of _______
spinothalamic, spinoreticular, spinotectal, pain
if you get a shot in the arm, what will the spinoreticular tract do? the spinothalamic tract? the spinotectal?
whats happening? ouch, where did that happen
medial lemniscus pathway is part of what?
dorsal columns
medial lemniscal pathway is involved in ________ touch, ______, and conscious __________
discriminative, pressure, proprioception
the receptors in medial lemniscal pathways are
mechanoreceptors, muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs
order of neurons in medial leminscal pathway, first order from receptors to _____, second order from ______ to ______, third order from ______ to ______ ______
medulla, medulla, thalamus, thalamus, cerebral cortex
steps of medial lemniscal pathway1. Stimulation of receptor2. information sent to cell body in dorsal root ganglion3. Enters dorsal horn of spinal cord via dorsal root4. Ascend in ipsilateral dorsal column-Axons from lower body are medial in _________-Axons from upper body are lateral in _________5. In medulla-axons from fasciculus gracilis synapse in ________ ______-axons from fasciculus cuneatus synapse in _____ ________6. Then these axons from second order neurons ________ as internal arcuate fibers7. Ascend to the thalamus as the ______ ______8. Synapse in VPL nucleus of the ______9. Third order neurons travel to s1 and s2 via internal capsule
fasciculus gracilis, fasciculus cuneatus, nucleus gracilis, nucleus cuneatus, decussate, medial lemniscus, thalamus
medial lemniscal pathway complete spinal cord injury
bilateral loss of touch and proprioception below level of injury
medial lemniscal pathway incomplete spinal cord injury
ipsilateral loss of touch and proprioception below level of injury
medial lemniscal pathway stroke affecting internal capsule
contralateral loss of touch and proprioception
medial lemniscal pathway stroke affecting s1
contralateral loss of touch and proprioception
spinocerebellar tracts are involved with non conscious _______ and ______, anterior(_________) spinocerebellar tract, posterior (________) spinocerebellar tract, cuneocerebellar tract, _______ spinocerebellar tract
proprioception, reflexes, ventral, dorsal, rostral
spinocerebellar tracts receive input from the ______________ and _________ about non conscious proprioception
spinocerebellar, cuneocerebellar
spinocerebellar tracts receive input from the ________ and _________ that monitor reflex arc activity
anterior, rostral
posterior spinocerebellar tract stays _________
ipsilateral
posterior spinocerebellar tract goes to cerebellum to coordinate posture and ______ movement
lower extremity
the cuneocerebellar tract receives information about proprioception from muscle spindles, GTO, and joint receptors in the trunk and _________ of body , _____and above
upper extremities, t6
cuneocerebellar tract stays ______
ipsilateral
cuneocerebellar tract goes to ______
cerebellum
anterior spinocerebellar tract begins with cell bodies in the ______ and ______ horns
lateral, ventral
axons in the anterior spinocerebellar tract _______ and ascend to the midbrain, the tract ________ ________, once at the SC and most fibers cross again at the pons
decussate, decussates twice
rostral spinocerebellar tract receives information about spinal reflex circuits for unconscious proprioception from in the trunk and ______ _________ of body
upper extremities
rostral spinocerebellar tract stays _______
ipsilateral
axons in the spino olivary tract enter the spinal cord, synapse, and _______ and ascend to the olivary nuclei in the ________
decussate, medulla
what is the final destination of the spinoreticular tract
intralaminar nuclei of thalamus
function of spinoreticular tract
arousal to stimuli
what is the final destination of the spinal tectal tract
tectum of midbrain
function of spino tectal tract
motor response of looking at a stimulus
function of posterior (dorsal) spinocerebellar tract and cuneocerebellar tract
non conscious proprioception
function of anterior (ventral) and rostral cerebellar tracts
monitor reflex arc activity