Comptia A+ Flashcards
PS/2 port
6-pin mini DIN port that connects keyboards or mice on legacy computers; not interchangeable between them
CGA
Color Graphics Adapter - Supports 4 colors at 320x200 or 2 colors at 640x200
EGA
Enhanced Graphics Adapter - 16 colors at 640x350
VGA port
Video Graphics Array; 15-pin, three-row D-subminiature connector. Other names: DB-15, DE-15, HD-15
VGA
Video Graphics Array - 16 colors at 640x480 or 256 colors at lower resolutions
XGA
Extended Graphics Array - 65,536 colors at 800x600 or 256 colors at 1024x768
Wide XGA
1366x768 resolution
XGA+
1152x864 resolution
Wide XGA+
1440x900 resolution
SVGA
Super Video Graphics Array, 16M colors, 1280x1024
Super XGA
Super Extended Graphics Array, 1400x1050
WSXGA+
Widescreen SGA+ 1680x1050
Ultra XGA
1600x1200
WUXGA
Widescreen Ultra Extended Graphics Array - 1920x1200
DVI port
Digital Visual Interface; accepts both analog and digital signals but only through specific connectors. DVI-D, DVI-A, and DVI-A/D or DVI-I. DVI-I and DVI-D also support Dual-Link connections by having extra pins.
DisplayPort
Compact 20-pin connector; supports up to 2560 x 1600 and 120 Hz refresh rates. Can drive up to four displays by a single port and is capable of signal encryption and transmission of audio. Also comes in Mini Displayport.
HDMI
High Definition Multimedia Interface; also comes in mini and micro variations
S/PDIF
Sony/Phillips Digital Interface; digital audio output that comes in both electrical and optical variations. Electrical usually uses RCA on coax, optical uses fiber.
RG-6 cable
Coaxial connection 75 Ohms
RG-59 cable
Coaxial connection 75Ohms
F connector
Coaxial connector, pin center, outer threaded ring
Component video
Uses 3 RCA connectors that split the signal into its components, 1 for brightness and 2 for color (Yellow, red, white)
S-Video
Sends video signal from a computer to a TV, shaped similarly to PS/2
MIDI/Joystick port
On legacy systems, a female DB-15 port with the pins arranged in 2 rows instead of 3
ST connector
Fiber connector (stick it in and twist it)
SC connector
Fiber connector (stick and click)
LC connector
Fiber Connector
BNC connector
Bayonet-style coax connector used for 10Base2 or Thinnet networking
FDDI, MT-RJ, and FC
Fiber internet connectors, less popular
USB Max devices
Can support up to 127 devices on a single port
USB 1.0/1.1 Low speed data rate
Conn type with 1.5 Mbps max speed
USB 1.0/1.1 Full Speed data rate
Conn type with 12 Mbit/s speed
USB 1 Max Length
Conn type with 3 meters
USB 2.0 Hi-speed data rate
Conn type with 480 Mbps max speed
USB 2.0 Hi-speed max length
Conn type with max length 5 meters
SuperSpeed USB 3.0 data rate
Conn type with 5 Gbps max speed
SuperSpeed USB 3.0 max length
Conn type with max length 3 meters
SuperSpeed+ USB 3.1 max speed
Conn type with 10 Gbps max speed
SuperSpeed+ USB 3.1 max length
Conn type with max length 3 meters
IEEE 1394a firewire max speed
max speed 400 Mbps
IEEE 1394a firewire max length
4.5 meters cable length
Firewire no of pins?
6 pin connector
IEEE 1394a firewire max devices
Conn type with 63 max devices
IEEE standard for firewire?
1394a standard better known as?
IEEE 1394a
Firewire 400, 6 pins, 400Mbps
IEEE 1394b
FireWire 800 - 9-pins, max speed 800 Mbps;
Firewire S1600 speed
Connection runs at 1.57Gbps
Firewire S3200 speed
Connection runs at 3.14 Gbps
Firewire max devices
Technology that allows 63 devices in a daisy chain
Thunderbolt connector
Combines PCIe and DisplayPort into a single connection, used for peripherals. Max length 3 m on copper, 60 m on fiber
Thunderbolt distance
provides 100M with optical, 3M with copper
Thunderbolt 1
Max speed 10 Gbps; MDP connector
Thunderbolt 2
Max speed 20 Gbps; MDP connector
Thunderbolt 3
Max speed 40 Gbps; USB Type-C connector
EMI
Electromagnetic Interference; occurs when two signals in close proximity interfere with each other
UPS
Uninterruptible Power Supply
SPS
Standby Power System; monitors power line, incurs split-second delay as power switches over
Online UPS
Acts as system's power source while charging internal batteries; switches instantly to battery during an outage; most also act as power conditioners
Line-interactive UPS
SPS with added circuitry for moderate AC surges and sags; may increase current consumption loads on fuses or circuit breakers
BIOS
Basic Input/Output System
TPM
Trusted Platform Module; hardware platform for accelerating cryptographic processing; commonly used for hard drive encryption
Secure Boot
Requires drivers and OS software to be properly signed by a trusted party; only available on Intel CPUs with UEFI BIOS and OS designed for it
UEFI
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
NMI
Non-Maskable Interrupt
NIC
Network Interface Card
FRU
Field Replaceable Unit (spare part)
MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet
Active PFC
Active Power Factor Correction; eliminates harmonics
JBOD
Just a Bunch of Disks
FAT 16 partition and file size limits
2.1 GB max partition size; no local file-level security & limits files to 4 GB
FAT 32 partition and file size limits
2 TB max partition size; no local file-level security & limits files to 4 GB
exFAT partition and file size limits
2 TB max partition size currently, theoretically supports up to 128 PB; no local file-level security (FAT 64)
NTFS
New Technology File System; has permissions, encryption, and disk quotas
MFT
Master File Table; used by NTFS; critical parts backed up in middle of disk
HFS+
Hierarchical File System Plus; used by Mac OSX; can read and write to FAT32 and exFAT; read-only support for NTFS
ext4
Fourth Extended File System; Linux; supports 1 EB volumes, 16 TB files; backwards-compatible with ext3 and ext2; can read and write to NTFS, FAT32, exFAT, HFS+, ext2, ext3, ext4
SMART
Self Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology; sed by HDDs and SSDs to detect failures
DVD Single Layer
4.7 GB capacity
DVD Dual Layer
8.5 GB capacity
RAID
Redundant Array of Independent Disks
RAID 0
Striping
RAID 1
Mirroring
RAID 5
Striping with parity; only protects against single drive failure
RAID 1+0
Stripe of Mirrors; best redundancy
GUID
Globally Unique Identifier; a unique ID number hard coded into bios/cmos
GPT
GUID Partition Table; newer basic disk partitioning scheme that requires UEFI
MBR
Master Boot Record; older basic disk partitioning scheme
MBR's job
To check the partition table for a partition with a valid OS; only 1 MBR and 1 partition tablw exist per disk
Number of partitions MBR supports
Format supporting 4 partitions
Max disk capacity of MBR
Format supporting 2.2 TB disk capacity
EFS
Encrypting File System; feature of NTFS
> format f: /fs:ntfs
Formats drive f: with NTFS file system
EPROM
Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
EEPROM
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
CMOS
Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
NLX
Mobo form factor with a riser to add on all expansion slots
SFF
Small Form Factor; motherboard classification
LPX
Low-profile eXtension; risers
PCI
...
PCIe
...
PCI bus width
...
PCIe bus width
...
PCI-X
...
ITX
...
mini-ITX
...
mini-ATX
...
PCI-X
...
AGP
...
PCIe v1.x x1 lane speed
250 MB/s
PCIe v2.x x1 lane speed
500 MB/s
PCIe v3.x x1 lane speed
985 MB/s
What is primary storage
RAM is what kind of storage?
What is secondary storage
HDDs and SSDs are what kind of storage?
PGA
Pin Grid Array
Intel procs - PGA or LGA?
Which Procs are LGA, not PGA?
LGA
Land Grid Array
AMD Procs - PGA or LGA?
Which Procs are PGA, not LGA?
ZIF
Zero Insertion Force - Allows proc to be put in without force. Lever locks in place and makes pin contact.
P4
4 pin Motherboard connector supplying additional +12VDC to the CPU
Northbridge
Part of mobo that controls AGP, PCIe and Memory
Southbridge
Part of mobo that controls PCI, IDE, USB, ISA
RTC
Real-time Clock
SDRAM
Synchronous Dynamic RAM 168 pin DIMM, 2 notches, synced to system clock speed
DDR RAM
Double Data Rate RAM, 184 pin DIMM, Single Notch,
DDR pins and volts
Memory with 184 pins and 2.5V
DDR2 pins and volts
Memory with 240 pins and 1.8V
DDR3 pins and speed
Memory with 240 pins runs at 4x mobo bus speed
PC-100
100MHz SDRAM, 168Pin DIMM, 2 notches, tied to system clock
PC-133
133MHz SDRAM, 168Pin DIMM, 2 notches, tied to system clock
PC-1600
DDR-200, 100MHZ bus, 2.5V 184 pin DIMM
PC-2100
DDR-266, 133MHZ bus, 2.5V 184 pin DIMM
PC-2400
DDR-300, 150MHZ bus, 2.5V 184 pin DIMM
PC-2700
DDR-333, 167MHz bus, 2.5V 184 pin DIMM
PC-3200
DDR-400, 200MHz bus, 2.5V 184 pin DIMM
PC2-3200
DDR2-400, 200MHz bus, 1.8V 240 pin DIMM
PC2-4200
DDR2-533, 266MHZ bus, 1.8V 240 pin DIMM
PC2-5300
DDR2-666, 333MHZ bus, 1.8V 240 pin DIMM
PC2-6400
DDR2-800, 400MHZ bus, 1.8V 240 pin DIMM
PC2-8500
DDR2-1066, 533MHz bus, 1.8V 240 pin DIMM
PC3-6400
DDR3-800, 400MHZ bus, 1.5V 240 pin DIMM
PC3-8500
DDR3-1066, 533MHz bus, 1.5V 240 pin DIMM
PC3-10600
DDR3-1333, 667MHz bus, 1.5V 240 pin DIMM
PC3-12800
DDR3-1600, 800MHz bus, 1.5V 240 pin DIMM
DIMM
Dual In-line Memory Module
DIMM data path bit size
what memory type has 64-bit data path?
SDRAM pins
memory with 168 pins
DDR pins
memory with 184 pins
DDR2 and DDR3 pins
memory with 240 pins
SODIMM
200 pin Small Outline Dual Inline Memory Module (for laptops)
System bus speed is measured in
clock cycles, MHz
How many pins does SDR SDRAM use?
What memory has 168 pins?
How many pins does DDR SDRAM use?
What memory has 184 pins?
Raid 0
Spanning - Multiple drives acting as one single drive. Provides ZERO redundancy.
Raid 1
Mirroring - Multiple drives acting as Clones of eachother. Provides redundancy, but limited to 2 physical drives.
Raid 5
Block Level Striping - Multiple drives. Parity is distributed across all drives. Will fail if 2 drives go down at same time.
Raid 10 or 1+0
Stripe of Mirrors min of 4 drives
Striping
Dividing data into blocks and spread it across disks. Higher performance, but time to rebuild.
Mirroring
Cloning data between drives. Provides redundancy.
SCSI
Small Computer Systems Interface for attaching printers, scanners, tape drives, etc.
CD Capacity
74 min or 682MB
BluRay disk capacity
25GB capacity
BDXL
128GB capacity 4 layer bluray
Bluetooth Frequency
UHF radio waves in ISM band from 2.4 to 2.48GHz
Radio Frequency (RF)
3kHz to 300GHz
AM2
940 Pins DDR2 support
AM3
938 pins DDR3 support
Execute Bit EDB
Intel hardware based secuity feature. Allows proc to identify memory areas where code can/cannot execute.
Hyper-threading Technology HTT
Intel technology (ONLY ON INTEL PROCS) makes 1 proc look like 2 to the OS
Range of Near-Field Communications (NFC)
4cm or 1.6in
RG-6/U
Coaxial cable
RJ--11
Telephone connector plug type
RJ-45
Ethernet connector plug type
T568A
network wiring standard Grn/wht, Grn, Org/wht, Blu, Blu/Wht, Org, Brn/wht, Brn
T568B
US Gov network wiring standard
SMF (Single mode fiber)
Fiber for transmitting LASERS. Single ray of light. Costs more, smaller diameter, faster and delivers better distance.
Multi-mode fiber
Fiber for transmitting Multiple rays of regular light from LEDS. Popular fiber type with larger diameter, slower, shorter distance, less expensive.
Class A IP Range
IP Address starts 1 to 126
Class B IP Range
IP address starts 128 to 191
Class C IP Range
IP address starts 192 to 223
NBTStat -n
NBTstat switch which lists local NetBIOS names.
NBTStat -a
NBTStat switch which lists the remote machine's name table given its name
NBTStat -A
NBTStat switch which lists the remote machine's name table given its IP address
NBTStat -c
NBTStat switch which lists cache of remote machine names and their IP addresses
NBTStat -r
NBTStat switch which lists names resolved by broadcast and via WINS
NBTStat -R
NBTStat switch which purges and reloads the remote cache name table
NBTStat -s
NBTStat switch that lists sessions table converting destination IP addresses to computer NETBIOS names.
NBTStat -S
NBTStat switch that lists sessions table with the destination IP addresses
ASIC
Application Specific Integrated Circuit used in Switches
WIndows "ipconfig" in linux:
Linux "ifconfig" in windows:
AMD Trinity processor uses what slot?
FM2 slot used for what proc?
DHCP process
Uses DORA process: Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge
MIMO MultiIn MultiOut used in?
802.11n uses what tech for multiple connections?
Display with highest contrast ratio
Plasma display unique feature
Command replaced scandisk
Chkdsk replaced what command?
SPI
Stateful Packet Inspection - a function of firewalls
Best printer humidity range
between 25% and 50%
Sata 1 Speed
1.5Gbps (or 150MBps)
Sata 2 Speed
3 GBps (or 300 MBps)
Sata 3 Speed
6 GBps (or 600 MBps)
Sata 3.2 Speed
16Gbps (or 1969 MBps)
PCI bits and Hz
32bits and 33MHz
PCI-X bits and Hz
64bits and 133MHz
PCIe speed calc
Lane speed * # of lanes
Sata1 speed
1.5Gbit/sec
Sata2 specs
3.0 Gbit/sec and Native Command Queueing
eSata specs
Host speed Gbit/sec
eSata cable length
cable length limit of 2 meters
Sata3 specs
6.0 Gbit/sec
Chkdsk switch for fixing errors
Chkdsk /f
ISO9660
ISO descriptor for CD data storage format
74 Min CD capacity
650MB
80 Min CD Capacity
700MB
Single Sided DVD
...
Dual Sided DVD
...
Dual-Layer DVD
...
DVD9
Single Sided, Dual Layer DVD
Single Layer Blu-Ray Capacity
25GB storage on blu ray
Dual-Layer Blu-Ray Capacity
50GB storage on blu-ray
HDCP High Bandwidth Digital Content Protection
Blu-Ray protection technology
Serial Port Connector Type
Port with DB9 9-pin connector
Yost or Rollover cable
Blue cable with eth on one end and serial on the other for comm to routers/firewalls
Mouse Keys
Use arrow keys instead of mouse
Sticky Keys
Holds keys down for you for multi-key combos (like CTRL-ALT-DEL)
Activate Sticky Keys
Left shift 5x
Filter Keys
Ignores double taps on keys
Toggle Keys
Tone when you press CAPS LOCK, NUM LOCK or SCROLL LOCK
CDDA
Orig format of audio CDs
PCI Speed
...
PCI Data Path
...
AGP Speed
...
AGP Data Path
...
PCIe 1x Speed
...
PCIe 4x Speed
...
PCIe 16x Speed
...
PCMCIA Speed
...
PCMCIA Data Path
...
EPP Mode
Enhanced Parallel Port mode - Allows bi-directional comms up to 2MBps and daisy-chaining
CompTIA troubleshooting method
1-ID the Problem2-Establish theory of cause3-Test Theory / Determine Cause4-Plan Resolution Action / Implement Solution5-Verify Functionality / Apply preventative if necessary6-Document steps/findings
CompTIA troubleshoot method Step 1
Identify the problem
CompTIA troubleshoot method Step 2
Establish a theory of cause
CompTIA troubleshoot method Step 3
Test Theory / Determine Cause of Problem
CompTIA troubleshoot method Step 4
Plan Action to Resolve Problem / Implement Solution
CompTIA troubleshoot method Step 5
Verify Functionality / Apply preventative maintenance if necessary
CompTIA troubleshoot method Step 6
Document outcome / findings
Pentium 4 Sockets
Processor using sockets: 423 or 478
Intel Core i5 Sockets
Processor using sockets 1150, 1155, 1156
Intel Core i7 Sockets
Processor using sockets 1366 or 1156
MAC Address
12 Hex character address defining network hardware. First 6 characters are Manufacturer code.
CAT3 cable
10Mbps network cable standard
CAT4 cable
16 Mbps cable standard
CAT5 cable
100 MB/sec cable standard
CAT5e cable
1 GB/sec cable standard
CAT6 cable
250 MHz cable standard, 10 GB/sec over shorter dist
CAT6A cable
250 MHz, 10GB over 100M cable standard
CAT7
600 MHz 100 GB/sec cable standard
Number of Bites in a Frame
1500 bites comprise what network package?
APIPA address
169.254.x.x where x is random numbersand subnet 255.255.0.0
What is APIPA?
Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing - when auto IP but cannot find DHCP server
Loopback IP address
127.0.0.1
Localhost
loopback or 127.0.0.1
broadcast ip
255.255.255.255
Private IP range
starts with 10.x or 172.16.x to 172.31.x or 192.168.x
ping switch for continuous ping
ping -t
ipconfig switch to flush dns cache
ipconfig /flushdns
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol - How to talk using IP - Connection oriented, connection is negotiated
UDP
User Datagram Protocol - Connectionless -
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol - Used by PING - Connectionless - Only ONE packet of data
Command to query DNS server
nslookup [ip address]
Command to add computer to network domain
Netdom add
Command to remove computer from network domain
Netdom remove
LLMNR
Link Local Multicast Name Resolution (better than Netbios, on
Command to show Netbios Local Name Table
NBTSTAT -n
Command to show names in netbios cache
NBTSTAT -c
Command to clear NBTSTAT cache
NBTSTAT -R
Command to rebroadcast NBTstat info
NBTSTAT -RR
Command to show Netbios name table of computername
NBTSTAT -a computername
Netbios status of <0>
Netbios status of workstation
Netbios status of <20>
Netbios status of server
Port Triggering
Router temporarily opens incoming ports if internal IP has instigated comms
QOS
Quality of Service - manages bandwidth by service/port number
Sempron
Amd 64bit proc (formerly 32 bit), Low end ver of the Athlon64. Replaced the Duron.
Turion
AMD 64 bit proc for laptops
Athlon 64 X2
AMD dual core proc for desktops, competes with Intels Pentium 4.
Athlon 64
AMD single core proc for desktops, competes with Intel Pentium 4
Phenom
AMD triple/quad core proc, AM2+ socket, L3cache=2MB, 1.8-3.0 GHz
Phenom II
AMD triple/quad core proc, AM2+ socket, L3 cache=6M, 3core-2.6-2.8GHZ, 4core=2.5-3.0GHz
Procs for Socket A
Athlon, Athlon XP and Duron
Superscalar
Processor feature when it has more than one instruction pipeline (intro on Pentium proc)
Another term for Socket R
Another term for LGA2011
Socket type for i7 on servers/high end systems
Proc for Socket R (aka LGA2011)
Pentium 4 sockets
Proc for Socket 423 or 478
How to turn a Pentium into a Celeron?
What happens when you cut L2 cache out of a Pentium?
ISDN speed
Connection with 128 KBps data rate
POTS speed
Connection with 56 KBps data rate
LTE
Long-Term Evolution - The primary form of wireless 4G cellular internet connection
WIMAX
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access - A form of wireless 4G connection
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network - Citywide wireless 802.11
What tier is an ISP?
Tier 3 internet access
Windows 7 stylus input ctrl panel icon
Pen and Touch
Windows Vista stylus input ctrl panel icon
Pen and Input Devices
APM
Advanced Power Management - Old power config standard
ACPI
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface - Current power config standard
COM1 Default IRQ
Port with Default IRQ=4
COM1 Default I/O
Port with Default I/O=3F8-3FF
LPT Default IRQ
Port with Default IRQ=7
COM2 Default I/O
Port with Default I/O=2F8-2FF
COM2 Default IRQ
Port with Default IRQ=3
LPT Default I/O
Port with Default I/O=378-37F
Disk Size Formula
# of Cylinders Heads # of sectors/track * 512bytes/sector
IDE max size
528MB
IDE transfer rate
10MBps
EIDE transfer rate
16MBps and higher
How many devices can be attached to a SCSI adapter?
7 devices on what?
How many devices can exist in a SCSI chain?
8 devices on what?
SCSI-1 Transfer Rate and Bits
Connection with 5 MB/sec transfer rate and 8 bits
Fast SCSI-2 Transfer Rate and Bits
Connection with 10 MB/sec transfer rate and 8 bits
Wide SCSI-2 Transfer Rate and Bits
Connection with 10 MB/sec transfer rate and 16bits
Fast Wide SCSI-2 Transfer Rate and Bits
Connection with 20 MB/sec transfer rate and 16bits
Ultra SCSI Transfer Rate and Bits
Connection with 20 MB/sec transfer rate and 8 bits
Ultra Wide SCSI Transfer Rate and Bits
Connection with 40 MB/sec and 16 bits
LVD Ultra 2 SCSI Transfer Rate and Bits
Connection with 80 MB/sec and 16 bits
IDE max cable length
18 inch cable length
SATA max cable length
39 inch cable length
Sata V1 max and transfer rate
1.5 GB/s max and 150MB/s transfer rate
Sata V2 max and transfer rate
3.0GB/s max and 300 MB/sec transfer rate
Sata V3 max and transfer rate
6.0GB/s max and 600 MB/sec transfer rate
CD Data Rate
150 KB/sec
CD 4x Data Rate
600 KB/sec
CD 8x Data Rate
1200 KB/sec
DVD Data Rate
1.35 MB/sec
DVD 2x Data Rate
2.7 MB/sec
DVD 8x Data Rate
10.8 MB/sec
BluRay Data Rate
4.5 MB/sec
BluRay 8x Data Rate
36 MB/sec
Sector size
512 Bytes
Laser print process
1-charge (condition) the drum via corona wire2-Write - laser image on drum3-Develop -toner jumps from develop roller to drum where laser hit4-transfer toner from drum to paper5-fuse image6-cleaning
802.11a
wireless 54Mb/sec
802.11b
wireless 11 Mb/sec
802.11g
wireless 54 Mb/sec
802.11n
wireless 600 Mb/sec
802.11ac
wireless 1.3 Gb/sec
Windows print spool directory
%systemroot%\system32\spool\printers
Windows Vista - Min Proc
800MHz or better for this OS
Windows Vista - Min Memory
512MB or better for this OS
Windows Vista - Min HDD
20GB with 15GB free for this OS
Windows Vista - Min Display
DX9.0 min display for this OS
Windows 7 - Min Proc
1GHZ 32/64 proc for this OS
Windows 7 - Min Memory
1GB (32 bit) or 2GB (64 bit) memory for this OS
Windows 7 - Min HDD
16GB (32 bit) or 20GB (64 bit) hdd space for this OS
Windows 7 - Min Display
DX9.0 with WDDM1.0 display for this OS
Windows 8 - Min Proc
1GHZ 32/64 proc for this OS
Windows 8 - Min Memory
1GB (32 bit) or 2GB (64 bit) memory for this OS
Windows 8 - Min HDD
16GB (32 bit) or 20GB (64 bit) hdd space for this OS
Windows 8 - Min Display
DX9.0 with WDDM1.0 display for this OS
Windows 8 - Install Special Requirements
Requires access to windows store and resolution of 1024x768
ls /bin/p* | grep wd
Linux list all files starting with "p" and containing string "wd" in the filename or path
chmod g+wx myfile.txt
linux add group write and execute permissions to myfile.txt
chmod -l
linux command to see local dir file info including permissions
ifconfig
Linux view status of wired network interfaces
iwconfig
linux view status of wireless network interfaces
ifconfig eth0 down
linux disable of first wireless network interface
ps -ax
linux list all running processes for both terminal and system
apt-get install nano
linux install application nano
apt-get remove nano
linux uninstall application nano
the 4 apt-get switches
1-update2-upgrade3-install4-remove
Mac OSX min proc
OS requires PowerPC G3 processor
Windows command line to access system info
msinfo32.exe
Windows command line to compress files
compress.exe
Windows command line to encrypt files
cipher.exe
Windows command to set file attributes
attrib.exe
boot.ini in older OS is now what?
BCD (Boot Configuration Database) on new OS was formerly known as?
Boot order for windows
bootmgr > winload.exe > ntoskrnl.exe
Dir /ad
Dos command for listing directories only
Dir /b
Dos command for bare listing of filenames only
Dir /og-d
Dos command for directory listing sorted in reverse date order with files groups separately from directories
dir /s
Dos command for directory listing including all subdirectories
Dir /x
Dos command for newer windows systems that lists both long and short filenames in current directory
Set Dircmd=/on /w
Dos command to set env variable so dir listings always show in wide format
Name the 4 areas of system bottlenecks
Processor, Memory, Disk, Network are what?
HOSTS file
File used to resolve FQDNs into IP addresses
LMHOSTS file
File used to resolve NETBIOS names into IP addresses
2 ways to resolve FQDNs to IP
DNS and HOSTS file
2 ways to resolve Computer names to IP
WINS and LMHOSTS file
ARP function
Way to resolve IP to MAC address
DNS
Protocol to convert FQDns to IPs
DHCP
Protocol to hand out IP addresses to network devices
LDAP
Internet protocol for accessing a directory service
SNMP
Protocol allowing remote management of a device
SMB/CIFS
Protocol for allowing Microsoft systems to share resources
SSH
Secure file transfer protocol replacing telnet
AFP
Protocol allowing Apple systems to share resources
NNTP
Protocol for transferring articles between news servers and news clients
SFTP
Protocol for file transfer, replaces FTP, more secure
SSL
Used to encrypt web traffic. Identified by the lock on browser screen.