Data Modeling Chapter 2: Data Models Flashcards
data model
A data model is commonly a graphic representation of a complex real-world data structure that is used in the design phase of the database.
data modeling
This is the first step in designing a database, which is referring to the process we use to create a specific data model as a solution for a defined issue.
schema
The database Administrator's view of the organizational concept of the database as a whole
one-to-many relationship
a relationship that describes one entity associating with two or more other instances; 1:M; 1..*
many-to-many relationship
a relationship that describes two or more entities associating with another two or more instances; M:N; ..
one-to-one relationship
a relationship that describes one entity instance associating with only one other instance in a related entity; 1:1; 1..1
Big Data
Newer and better ways to manage large amounts of web and sensor-generated data and pull business insight from it, while also allowing for high performance and scalability at a decent cost.
Segment
A file system's record type.
Relation
A mathematical concept also known as a table; composed of intersecting rows and columns.
Entity
The person place thing or event that the data is collected for. This is one of the basic building blocks of data modeling.
Entity Set
A Collection of like entities
Attribute
characteristic for anything
Hadoop
a java based , open source , high speed , fault-tolerant distributed storage and computational framework.
Sparse data
a case in which the number of table attributes is very large but the number of actual data instances is low
constraint
Holding the data back
business rule
A policy to create and enforce actions
Schema data definition language (DDL)
Gives a database's Admin the ability to provide defined schema elements
SQL Engine
Runs all the queries
Class
A group of like objects that share structure and behavior broken into hierarchies
Subschema
defines the portion of the database seen by the application programs that produce the desired information from the data within the database.
Network model
is a database model the represents objects and the relationships.
data node
data node connects to a name node spinning until the service comes up
class diagram
a diagram that is used to represent data and their relationships in UML object notation
Unified Modeling Language (UML)
It is a language that is based on object-oriented concepts that provide tools. This includes diagrams and symbols that graphically model a system.
method
This is a set of procedures that perform an action. They typically represent real-world actions and are brought up through messages.
Hierarchical model
A reverse tree model that shows relationships from a top to bottom approach. The top segment is the root segment, and every segment under that has a one-to-many relationship with the one below them.
data management language (DML),
which defines the environment in which data can be managed and to work with the data in the database.
Relational database management system (RDBMS)
same basic functions provided by the hierarchical and network DBMS systems
Relational diagram
is a representation of the relational database's entities, the attributes within those entities, and the relationships between those entities.
Entity relationship diagram (ERD),
graphical representations to model database components.
Class
collection of similar objects with shared structure (attributes) and behavior (methods)
Volume
This is in reference to the amount of data that is easily accumulated and stored on the internet and social media. Databases are growing to petabytes in size an beyond.
Velocity
This is in reference to the increasing speed that companies need to access, process and retrieve their data.
Variety
This is in reference to numerous data formats currently being collected that are not suitable for typical operational databases in the relational model
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
The group that accepted the DBTG recommendations and augmented database standards in 1975 through its SPARC committee.
Entity Relationship (ER) Model (ERM)
A data model that describes relationships among entities at the conceptual level with the help of ER diagrams. The model was developed by Peter Chen.
NoSQL
A new generation of database management systems that is not based on the traditional relational database models.
Tuple
Each Row in a relational model.
Object
An abstractrepresentation of a real worldentity that has aunique identity, embeddedproperties, and theability to interact withother objects and itself.
Extended relational data model (ERDM)
A model that includesthe object-orientedmodel's best featuresin an inherently simplerrelational databasestructural environment.
Tuple
Rows.
Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)
Performs basic functions provided by the hierarchical and network DBMS systems, makes the relational data model easier to understand and implement, and hides the complexities of the relational model from the user.
SQL-Based Relational Database Application
End-user interface allows the end user to interact with the data. Collection of tables are stored in the database, while each table is independent from another. Rows in different tables are related based on common values in common attributes, and SQL engine executes all queries.
Relationship
A relationship describes the association between entities.
Connectivity
A type of relationship between entities.
Crow's Foot Notation
A representation of the entity relationship diagram that uses three-pronged symbols to represent sides of the relationship.