Emt Basic Major 1 Flashcards ionicons-v5-c

Continuing education

Refresher courses and education to reinforce, update, and expand your knowledge and skills.

What is Quality Improvement (QI)?

This is internal/external reviews to ensure the highest quality care. Tole of an EMT is to document carefully, perform reviews/audits, obtain feedback, maintain equipment, participate in continuing education, maintain skills.

Medical Director

A physician who is legally responsible for the clinical and patient care aspects of the EMS systems. Every emergency medical service must have a medical director in order to provide any level of prehospital care.

Advanced life-support skills are done by

Aemt, paramedic

The bodies three stage response to stress

1. Alarm stage (flight or fight response)2. Resistance stage3. Exhaustion stage

Accessing a patient trapped in a vehicle

Ensure the vehicle is stable. puncture-proof leather gloves over your latex gloves.

HIV

HIV-infected blood via intravenous drug use, unprotected sexual contact, blood transfusions, (less than 1% chance of occurring) accidental needle sticks, or mothers passing on HIV to their children.

Verbal acknowledgment that the patient consents to treatment. Must be informed

when the patient is incapacitated but it is assumed that they would have consented to treatment

when the patient is incompetent or incapable of giving consent

Documenting everything in the PCR. if patient refuses care, document refusal

HIPAA

The Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act. Limited to discussing patient-specific information only w/ individuals w/ whom it is medically necessary

DNR orders

A DNR must be reissued annually. Advance directive from a dying patient to not resuscitate them. must have the signature of doctor and patient. EMT should still treat the patient even if not resuscitating

Negligence

1. EMT has a duty to act(duty)2. EMT breached duty to act(Breach of duty)3. Patient suffered an injury or harm that is recognized by the law as a compensable injury(Damages)4. Injuries were the result of a breach of duty (proximate cause or causation)

Abandonment

Abandonment is sometimes defined as the unilateral termination of the provider/patient relationship at a time when continuing care is still needed. It is a form of negligence that involves termination of care without the patient s consent

Chain of Evidence

legally retaining items of evidence and accounting for their whereabouts at all times to prevent loss or tampering.

How to properly communicate with a patient

1. Assess the safety of the scene2. Do not assume an aggressive posture3. Make good eye contact, but do not stare4. Speak calmly, confidently and slowly5. Never threaten the patient, either verbally or physically

PCR

1. Continuity of care2. Legal Documentation3. Education4. Administrative information5. Essential research record6. Evaluation and continuous quality improvement

Child's Airway

proportionally narrower and tongue is proportionally larger than adults. Tongue is most common airway obstructor

Anterior Fontanelles

gap in children skulls that fuse together between 9 to 18 months

Decline in Cardiac function that occurs in late adulthood

cardiac function declines with age as a result of anatomic and physiologic changes largely related to atherosclerosis.heart rate declines in older patients. Muscular system stiffens with age which causes increase in diastolic BP.Bone marrow stiffens with age which decrease the ability of the bone to create blood cell. Functional blood volume declines.Pulse rate for middle adults 70 beats/min. Bp 90/140

Proximal

situated close to or next to the nearest point of attachment

distal

further away to the nearest point of attachment

Medial

pertaining to the middle, in or toward the middle, or nearer to the midline of the body

Lateral

pertaining to the left or right side of the body in correlation to the midline. Liver is right lateral and stomach is right lateral

Adduction

Closer to the torso or body. Think arms down at sides "adding" to the body

Abduction

further away from the torso or body. think arms upward at sides

Bilateral

A body part that appears on both sides of the midline

Unilateral

a body part that appears on one side only

Inferior

Below a body part or closest to the feet

superior

above a body part nearist your head

Anterior

The front surface of the body; the side facing you in the standard anatomic position.

Posterior

The back surface of the body; the side away from you in the standard anatomic position.

Palmer

palm of hand

Plantar

bottom of foot

supine

lying face up when you find the position

prone recumbent

lying face down when you find the patient

Axial

skull, face, thoracic cage and vertebral column

Appendicular

arms, legs, their connecting points, and the pelvis

Fowler's position

Patient sitting upright

Semi-Fowler

sitting at 45 degree

High fowler

sitting 90 degrees

Recovery position

patient lies on either left or right side with knee up

Indications

a valid reason to use a certain test, medication, procedure or surgery

Contraindication

a condition or factor that seems as a reason to withdraw a certain medical treatment due to harm that it would cause to a patient

Brand name

a drug that has a trade name and is protected by a patent. Can be produced and sold only by company holding the patent

trade name

produced by a patent. can be produced and sold only by company holding the patent

generic name

when the patent protection for a brand name drug expires, generic versions of the drug dan be offered for sale, if FDA agrees

Medication absorption rates by route

Enteral:oral-slowsublingual-rapidrectal-rapidParenteral:IV-immediateIM-moderateIO-immediateIN-rapidSC-slowinhalation-rapid

Nitroglycerin

Relieves angina (cardiac patients)Not to be taken if patient took E.D drugs in past 24 hoursSL route, make sure patient doesn't have dry

Side effect

unwanted effect

untoward effect

potential harmful effects

therapeutic effect

The desired or intended effect of a particular medication.

mucosal atomizer device

nasal spray device that delivers a fine mist of soluble medication particles to the nasal, oral, tracheal, and pulmonary mucosa for direct absorption into the bloodstream

Aspirin

blood thinning, non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug used for reducing fever, pain, headaches, inflammation and risk of heart attack

Epinephrine autoinjector

also known as an Epi pen, is a device used to inject a measured dose of epinephrine.