Health And Human Development Flashcards
Health
a complete state of physical, mental and social health and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Behavioural health
actions or patterns of living of an individual or a group that impact on health, such as smoking, sexual activity, participation in physical activity and eating practices.
Biological determinants
factors relating to the body that impact on health, such as genetics, hormones,, body weight, blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
Biomedical model of health
Focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. It is a medical model of care practiced by doctors and health professionals and is associated with the diagnosis, cure and treatment of disease.
Burden of disease
a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries. Specifically it measures the gap between current status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called disability adjusted life years.
Determinants of health
Factors that raise or lower a level of health in population or individual. Determinants of health help to explain or predict trends in health and why some groups have better or worse health than others.
Disability adjusted life years
A measure of burden of disease, one daly equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.
Glycaemic index
The ranking of carbohydrates according to the different ways they behave in the body in relation to blood glucose levels. Eating foods that have a low GI ranking can assist with long term health and sustainable weight.
Health Adjusted LIfe years
A measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live based on current rates of ill health and mortality.
Health Status
an individuals or populations overall health, taking into account, various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors
Human development
creating an environment in which people can develop to their full potentional and lead productive and creative lives in accord with their needs and interests. It is about expanding peoples choices and enhancing capabilities, having access to knowledge and a decent standard of living, and participating in the life of their community and decisions affecting their lives.
Human development index
A tool developed by the UN to measure and rank countries' levels of social and economic development. It provides a single statistic based on three dimensions; health, education and living standards; and four indicators; life expectancy at birth, mean years of school, expected years of schooling and gross national income per capita
Incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time.
Life expectancy
an indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.
Mental dimension of health
state of wellbeing in which an individual realises his or her own abilities , can cope with the normal stresses of life. Can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her own community.
Morbidity
Refers to ill health in an individual and levels of ill health in a population or group.
Mortality
the number of deaths caused by a particular disease, illness or other environmental factor.
Physical dimension of health
relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.
Prevalence
the number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.
Social determinants
Aspects of society and social environment that impact on health, such as poverty, early life experiences, social networks and support.
Social dimension of health
being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way
sustainability
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. this includes the elements of sustainability social, economic and environmental.
Social model of health
A conceptual framework within which improvements in health and welllbeing are achieved by directing efforts towards addressing the social, economic and environmental determinants of health. The model is based on the understanding that in order for health gains to occur, social, economic and environmental determinants must be addressed. The guiding principles AKA AREAS:address the broader determinants of healthact to reduce social inequitiesempower individuals and the communityenable access to healthcareinersectoral collaboration
sustainability
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. it comprises of three dimensions; social, environmental and economic and three elements; affordability, appropriateness and equitable
sustainable human development
Refers to a process of striving to achieve their full potential, lead more productive lives, expand their choices and meet their needs without compromising the opportunities for future generations to meet their own needs.
Mortality strata
A- very low child mortality; very low adult mortalityB- low child mortality; low adult mortalityC; low child mortality; high adult mortalityD; high child mortality; high adult mortalityE; high child mortality; very high adult mortality
Values that underpin the health system
effective, efficient, responsive, accessible, safe, continuous, sustainable
Vic healths mission
in partnership with others we promote good health. We recognise that the social and economic conditions for all people influence their health. We promote fairness and opportunity for better health. We support initiatives that assist individuals, communities, workplaces and broader society to improve wellbeing. We seek to prevent chronic conditions' for all Australians.
Strategic imperatives of VICHEALTH (priorities)
Promote healthy eatingEncourage regular physical activityPrevent Tobacco UsePrevent harm from AlcoholImprove mental wellbeing