Jura Flashcards
Where is Jura located?
Mountainous region sandwiched between Bourgogne and Switzerland.
What is Jura's role in the Saone graben?
Geologically, it represents the eastern uplift of the Saone graben.
What is Jura's role in the naming of Jurassic limestone?
The Jurassic era takes its name from the Jura mountains where the lime stone - clays from this time period were first identified.
What is the role of surface yeast in winemaking?
- Metabolizes ethyl acetate and acids into "Aldehydes". - Protects the wine from direct contact with air.- Controlled oxidation that delivers a wine of unique sherries characteristics.
P. 115 What is the wine production export in Jura?
Only 10% of its small production
P. 115 What is Louis Pasteur recognized for?
A. Work on alcoholic fermentation; B. Discovery of the action of yeast
What is Alexis Millardet contribution?
A. Creator of "Bouillie Bordelaise" or "Bordeaux Mixture" used to combat Mildew. B. Together with botanist Jules Emile Planchon, pioneered the grafting of French vines onto American rootstock to protect vines from philloxera.
What is Alexis Arpin recognized for?
Helped set the stage for Arbois to be the first to receive AOC approval in 1936.
What is Charles Rouget's contribution to winemaking?
Rouget noted that the same grape variety can be given different names in different places
What is Jura's soil type?
80% clay, 20% limestone. (Opposite to the Côte d'Or)
What is the climate in Jura?
- Semi continental- Very cold winters- Very warm summers, though summer nights tend to be cool.
Name the 5 authorized grape varieties and their dominant uses?
1. Chardonnay, 42% of total vine.2. Savagnin Blanc, 23% of total vine3. Poulsard, 14% of total vine4. Pinot Noir, 13% of total vine5. Trousseau, 8% of total vine. Trousseau is identical to Portugal's "Bastardo" grape.
What is the main white grape in Jura?
Chardonnay
What are the other names for Chardonnay?
- Melon d'Arbois - Melon a Queue Rouge- Gamay Blanc
What is the main red grape in Jura?
Poulsard also known as Ploussard
What is the grape used to produce Vin Jaune (yellow wine)?
Savagnin Blanc
T or F? All 5 grape varieties are grown in Arbois
True - Production is atypically for the Jura, red dominant (70%) and 30% white
Which Jura region produces more red wine than white?
The Arbois AOC - 70%
T or F? The Chateau-Chalon AOC name may only be used for wine made as Vin Jaune
True - The vineyard is evaluated each year with regard to grape's alcoholic potential, state of health and yield.
What Jura AOC produces only Vin Jaune?
Chateau-Chalon AOC
What happens if the Chateau-Chalon potencial crop is found to be un-satisfactory?
The wine is declassified as Chateau-Chalon AOC but can be bottled as AOC Cotes du Jura Vin Jaune or Cotes du Jura Savagnin.
What is the most widely planted grape variety in L'Etoile?
Chardonnay followed by Savagnin and Poulsard
T or F? Vin de Paille is a red wine
False - it falls into the white category even if red grapes are incorporated.
How red wines are labeled in L'Etoile AOC?
Cote du Jura
What are the top wine products produced in Cotes du Jura?
White wine and Cremant
What is Macvin du Jura?A. A liquoreux wine wineB. A Vin Doux NaturelC. Marc/BrandyD. Fortified grape must
D. Fortified grape must
How Macvin du Jura is crafted?
1. Adding marc at 1/3 volume to grape must. 2. The fortified slurry is pressed. 3. Aged in a cask for minimum 10 months. 4. It is released with a final alcohol of 16-20% by volume.
Which grapes are authorized for Macvin production?
All five grapes
Is Macvin white or red wine?
Could be red or white wine. However, most producers vinify the white version (mainly from Chardonnay)
In which year the Cremant du Jura AOC was granted?
1995 - before this sparkling wine, made by traditional method, were sold as "Mousseux" under Jura AOC
T or F? Rose Cremant du Jura must contain 50% or more of Pinot Noir, Poulsard and/ or Trousseau
True
What are the Jura wine styles?
Dry red, rose, & white wine, cremant, Macvin, Vin Jaune and Vin de Paille. It also produces marc and fine (brandy).
How the wine Vin Jaune is aged?
Un barrel without topping up. This allow exposes the white wines to oxygen and allows for a flor-like surface yeast to develop.
What "with Ullage" means?
- Ageing oxidatively. This happens when white wines are aged in barrel without topping up. This exposes them to oxygen and allows for flor-like surface yeast to develop. - It also means head space/air space in the bottle or barrel
What does Ouille means?
It means "topped up". The term "ouille", al though not legally defined by AIC law, is seen in some labels, particularly for white made from Savagnin.
What does Sous Voile mean?
Under flor/with Ullage
Is Ouille legally defined by AOC law?
No, but wines aged this way will usually put the term "Tradition" in the label.
What does Ouille signify on a bottle of Jura wine?
The wine has been made reductively, with minimum oxygen exposure
Which AOCs Vin Jaune is produced?
It is produced by Chateau-Chalon, Arbois, L'Etoile and Cotes du Jura.
Is Vin Jaune an AOC?
Not, is a style of wine produced with Jura's four geographic AOCs.
Describe Vin Jaune crafting process
1. After fermentation is complete, the wine is transferred to old barrels, which are not completely filled (with Ullage), then stored with natural temperature variations (no temperature control). 2. The wine barrel is not allowed to topped up or moved for 60 months. 3. A film or veil of surface yeast develops over time and metabolizes ethyl acetate and acids into aldehydes. 4. Controlled oxidation delivers a wine of unique sherried characteristics and long ageing potential. Vin Jaune can last for decades. 5. The wine may not be bottled until 6 years and 3 months after the vintage. 6. By law, it must be bottled in an unusual 620 ml bottle called "clavelin".
What is Jura's Vin de Paille?
A wine made with air-dried grapes
Describe how Vin de Paille is craft
1. Chardonnay, Savagnin, Poulsard and/or Trousseau clusters are picked.2. Grapes are dried for a minimum 6 weeks, usually in plastic or wooden boxes stacked in aerated loft space.3. Dehydrated grapes are pressed. Fermentation is slow and the must DOES NOT ferment to dryness.4. The wine is naturally sweet and finishes with 14-15% alcohol. 5. Then is aged at least for 18 months in barrel where it develops flavours and aromas of candied orange, prune, honey and caramel. 6. It may not be released until at least three years after vintage. 7. It is always sold in half-bottles (375 ml).
T or F? Vin de Paille is an AOC?
False - but the rules of Vin de Paille production are governed by the AOC rules of the appellations where it is produced (just like Vin Jeune).
What three Jura AOC produce Vin de Paille?
- Arbois AOC- L'Etoile AOC- Cote du Jura AOC
What two Jura AOCs represent style of wine rather than geographic locations?
Macvin du Jura AOC and Cremant du Jura AOC