Medical Terminology 9th Edition Chapter 5: Integumentary System Flashcards
4 main functions of the skin
Protection, Regulation, Sensation, and Secretion
Protection
Prevents injury, impermeable to bacteria, stops water and electrolyte loss, guards against UV Ray's, helps produce the body's supply of vitamin D.
Regulation
Lowers body temperature and raises body temperature
Sensation
Nerve endings act as sensory receptors for pain, touch, heat, cold, and pressure. When the information reaches the brain it triggers the necessary response.
Secretion
sweat glands secrete perspiration or sweat, and sebaceous glands secrete oil (sebum) for lubrication
Epidermis
the outer protective layer of skin
Melanin
A pigment that gives the skin its color
Keratin
A fiber protein that is the principal component of hair, skin, and nails
Dermis
Nourishes the epidermis, provides strength, and supports blood vessels
Papillae
Produce ridges that are one's fingerprints
Subcutaneous Tissue
supports, nourishes, insulates, and cushions the skin
Subcutaneous Glands
lubricates the hair and skin
Sudoriferous (sweat) Glands
Secretes sweat or perspiration, which helps to cool the body by evaporation. Sweat also rids the body of waste.
Apocrine Sweat Glands
Found in armpits, around nipples, and in the groin
Merocrine Sweat Glands
most numerous in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
Acne Fulminans
Acute, febrile, ulcerative acne
Tuberculosis Skin Test
A test performed to identify the presence of the Tubercle bacilli
scratch (epicutaneous) or prick test
A suspected allergen that causes redness or swelling at the scratch site within 10 minutes indicates allergy to the substance.
Sweat Test (chloride)
Test performed on sweat to determine the level of chloride concentration on the skin. In cystic fibrosis, there is an increase in skin chloride.
Tzanck test
Microscopic examination of a small piece of tissue that has been surgically scraped from a pustule to identify the type of viral infection.
Wound Culture
Performed on wound exudate to determine the presence of microorganisms and to identify the specific type.
Biopsy
Microscopic examination of a small piece of living tissue obtained surgically, through a needle and syringe, hollow punch, brush, or stereotactically; used to distinguish between benign and malignant conditions.
Sedimentation Rate
Blood test to determine the rate at which red blood cells settle in a long, narrow tube.
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