Medical Terminology Final Quizlet Flashcards

Abdominocentesis

the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid

Addison's disease

Disorder in which the adrenal glands don't produce enough cortisol

ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)

a psychological disorder marked by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity

adhesions

an abnormal union of membranous surfaces due to inflammation or injury.

Agoraphobia

fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or wide open places, where one has felt loss of control and panic

Albinism

a genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or the absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and irises of the eyes

Allograft

skin graft from another person or a cadaver

Alzheimer's disease

a progressive and irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and, finally, physical functioning

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

disease with muscular weakness and atrophy due to degeneration of motor neurons of spinal cord; commonly called Lou Gehrig disease

Anastamosis

a connection made surgically between adjacent blood vessels, parts of the intestine, or other channels of the body, or the operation in which this is constructed.

Anencephaly

congenital deformity in which some or all of fetal brain is missing

Aneurysm

ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall

Angiography

examination by X-ray of blood or lymph vessels, carried out after introduction of a radiopaque substance.

Anisocytosis

presence of red blood cells of unequal size

Ankylosing Spondylitis

a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae--causes fusing of the vertebrae

anorexia

an eating disorder characterized by the patient's refusal to eat

Anthracosis

lung disease caused by the inhalation of coal dust

anticoagulant

a drug that prevents clotting of the blood

antiemetic

a medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting

antihistamine

medication that blocks effects of histamine released by body during allergic reactions

Apgar

appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration--checks after a baby is born to assess its health

Aplastic anemia

characterized by an absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome)

respiratory insufficiency marked by progressive hypoxia

Arteriosclerosis

abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries

Arthrocentesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space

Arthroscopy

the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint

ascites

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

Asphyxia

a condition arising when the body is deprived of oxygen, causing unconsciousness or death; suffocation.

Asthma

episodes of breathing difficulty due to narrowed or obstructed airways

Ataxia

the loss of full control of bodily movements.

Autism

A developmental disorder marked by disabilities in language, social interaction, and the ability to understand another person's state of mind.

Autoimmune disease

a disease in which the immune system attacks the organism's own cells

Avulsion

a fracture in which a ligament or tendon pulls a piece of bone out of place, fracturing it

Bacterial vaginosis

a condition in women in which there is an abnormal overgrowth of certain bacteria in the vagina

BAER (Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response)

a test to measure the brain wave activity that occurs in response to clicks or certain tones--a test for integrity of auditory nuclei and tracts

Bell's palsy

temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only on the affected side of the face

Bipolar Disorder

mood disorder in one experiences both manic and depressed episodes

BPH (benign prostatic hypertrophy)

enlargement of the prostate gland due to overgrowth of cells; compresses urethra; blocks urine

brachytherapy

radiation therapy in which the source of radiation is implanted in the tissue to be treated

BRCA1, BRCA2

Tests for breast cancer 1 and 2--genetic mutations associated with increased risk for breast cancer

Breech

When a baby is born bottom or feet first

Bulimia

eating disorder characterized by excessive eating followed by purging through vomiting or through use of laxatives.

CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft)

Creation of a new blood supply to an area of the heart with a clotted/blocked artery.

Candidiasis

A fungal infection typically on the skin or mucous membranes caused by candida.

Carboxyhemoglobin

blood test to measure the level of carbon monoxide in the blood of patients exposed to fires or fumes in unventilated spaces

Cardiac tamponade

Compression of the heart caused by fluid collecting in the sac surrounding the heart.

Cardiomyopathy

any disease condition of the heart muscle that includes heart enlargement and heart failure.

cardioversion

Procedure to treat an arrhythmia that cannot be controlled with antiarrhythmic drugs. Involves shocking the heart.

CBC (complete blood count)

a group of blood tests that are performed automatically by machine to determine the number, type, and characteristics of various cells in the blood. Includes HCT, Hgb, etc.

a condition caused by a lack of oxygen to parts of the fetus' brain during birth. The result can include spastic muscles; lack of coordination in walking, eating, and talking; muscle paralysis; seizures; or mental retardation

Cerebrovascular Accident

Disruption or blockage of blood flow to the brain, which causes tissue death and an area of necrosis known as an infarct.

Cerumen

a waxy, sticky substance that traps dirt and has an antibiotic action against microorganisms that enter the ear canal

chantix

a drug to help stop smoking

cheilitis

inflammation of the lips--chapped lips

CHF (congestive heart failure)

A chronic condition in which the heart doesn't pump blood as well as it should.

cholecystitis

inflammation or infection of the gallbladder

choledocholithiasis

A hardened deposit within the fluid in the gallbladder--gallstones

Chordee

a downward curvature of the penis, often associated with hypospadias

chyme

the pulpy acidic fluid which passes from the stomach to the small intestine, consisting of gastric juices and partly digested food.

Cialis

a drug that can treat erectile dysfunction and BPH

Cicatrix

scar

Circumcision

surgical removal of the foreskin

cirrhosis

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

CK (creatine kinase)

an enzyme found in all muscle cells--because a special kind is found in the myocardium, can be tested to see if have a myocardial infarction, as the levels of this enzyme begin to rise after one

talipes equinovarus

clubfoot

colic

severe abdominal pain

Colles' fracture

distal radius is broken by falling onto an outstretched hand

color test

a urine test to compare normal color (light yellow to amber) to a patient's color of urine. Pink indicates blood, milky indicates white blood cells

Comminuted fracture

bone breaks into many fragments

Concussion

A brain injury caused by a blow to the head or a violent shaking of the head and body. Causes shearing of the axons in the brain

Conjunctivitis

Inflammation or infection of the outer membrane of the eyeball and the inner eyelid.

Contracture

inactivity or paralysis coupled with continuing nerve impulses can cause an arm or leg muscle to become progressively flexed and drawn into a position where it becomes nearly immovable

Contusion

bruise

tusis

cough

CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)

A procedure designed to restore normal breathing after cardiac arrest

Cretinism

condition of congenital hypothyroidism in children that results in a lack of mental development and dwarfed physical stature; the thyroid gland is either congenitally absent or imperfectly developed

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease

A degenerative brain disorder that leads to dementia and death.

cryosurgery

use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue

Cryptorchidism

undescended testicles

Cushing's syndrome

a condition caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol

Cyanosis

a bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood.

Cystic fibrosis

affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices. It causes these fluids to become thick and sticky. They then plug up tubes, ducts, and passageways

Cystocele

A bulge of the bladder into the vagina.

Cystoscopy

visual examination of the bladder

Decubitus ulcer

sore caused by lying down for long periods of time

deglutition

process of swallowing

Diabetes insipidus

antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect

Diabetes mellitus

insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects

Diaphoresis

excessive sweating

digitalis

the "foxglove" plant from which heart medicine is made

Diplopia

double vision

diuretic

administered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water

diverticulitis

inflammation of a diverticulum

Doppler ultrasonography

imaging technique using ultrasound to create moving image; utilized to evaluate blood flow through blood vessels, movement of heart valves, and movement of heart muscle during contraction

Down syndrome

a condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 or 18

Dramamine

example of an antimotion-sickness drug

duodenum

first part of the small intestine

Dupuytren's contracture

A gradual thickening and tightening of tissue under the skin in the hand.

Dwarfism

Condition caused by insufficient growth hormone in childhood

Dyskinesia

abnormal, uncontrolled, involuntary movement

dysphagia

difficulty swallowing

Dysplasia

the presence of cells of an abnormal type within a tissue, which may signify a stage preceding the development of cancer.

Dysuria

painful urination

Echocardiography

ultrasound recording of heart function

Ectopic pregnancy

A pregnancy in which the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus.

ED

emergency department, erectile dysfunction

Edema

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues.

EKG (electrocardiogram)

a recording of the electrical impulses set off by the heart

Electromyography

the recording of the electrical activity of muscle tissue, or its representation as a visual display or audible signal, using electrodes attached to the skin or inserted into the muscle.

ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)

a blood test used to screen for the presence of HIV antibodies

Empyema

accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity

Encephalitis

inflammation of the brain

Encopresis

a childhood disorder characterized by repeated defecating in inappropriate places, such as one's clothing

Endocarditis

inflammation of the endocardium

Endometriosis

Growth of endometrial tissue outside of uterus

Endotracheal intubation

placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway

Enucleation

surgical removal of the eyeball

Epilepsy

chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity

Episiotomy

surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vagina and so facilitate delivery during childbirth

Epistaxis

nosebleed

ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)

a procedure that enables your physician to examine the pancreatic and bile ducts. A bendable, lighted tube (endoscope) about the thickness of your index finger is placed through your mouth and into your stomach and first part of the small intestine (duodenum). Involves X-ray as well

erythropoietin

A hormone produced and released by the kidney that stimulates the production of red blood cells by the bone marrow.

esophageal varices

swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

ESWL (extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy)

electrohydraulic shock waves used to break apart calcifications in the urinary system

etiology

study of the cause of disease

Ewing's sarcoma

malignant growth found in the shaft of long bones that spreads through the periosteum

Exfoliative cytology

a technique in which cells are scraped from the tissue and examined under a microscope

Exhibitionism

Obtaining power, control, and sexual arousal by exposing the genital area in public areas to strangers and seeing their reactions.

Exophthalmos

bulging eyes

Fasciotomy

a surgical incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pressure

FBS (fasting blood sugar)

measures circulating glucose level in a patient who has fasted at least 4 hours; to determine if has diabetes mellitus or if under control

Fecal occult test

test of stool specimen for the presence of minute amounts of blood

Ferritin

storage form of iron; measures how much our body is processing iron

Fibrillation

uncontrolled quivering or twitching of the heart muscle

Fibromyalgia

chronic condition with widespread aching and pain in the muscles and fibrous soft tissue

Fissure

an opening; a groove; a split type wound

Floaters

Particles of cellular debris that float in the vitreous fluid and cast shadows on the retina

Foley catheter

A tube inserted through the urethra to drain urine, often left in place

Galactorrhea

abnormal flow of milk from the breasts

gallbladder

A muscular sac attached to the liver that secretes bile and stores it until needed for digestion

Ganglion

an abnormal benign swelling on a tendon sheath.

GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)

A digestive disease in which stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining.

Gestational diabetes

a form of diabetes mellitus that occurs during some pregnancies

Glaucoma

increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision

Glioblastoma

malignant brain tumor arising from glial cells

Gout

arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid

Grave's disease

an autoimmune disorder that is caused by hyperthyroidism and is characterized by goiter and/or exophthalmos

Greenstick

bone breaks incompletely

Gynecomastia

Abnormal development of breast tissue in males

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

an autoimmune disease in which the body's own antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland

haustra

pouches in the wall of the large intestine that expand to accommodate the bulk of undigested materials

hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)

test that detects a hormone normally present during pregnancy but not at other times. An elevated level of this is seen in choriocarcinoma in women and in cancer of the testes in men.

HCT (Hematocrit)

percentage of RBCs in a blood sample

HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)

Act instituted by the government to ensure patient privacy and security

Heimlich maneuver

an emergency procedure to help someone who is choking because food is lodged in the trachea

Hemangioma

a benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels

hematemesis

vomiting blood

Hematuria

blood in the urine

Hemiparesis

slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body

Hemoglobin A1c

A test that measures the level of hemoglobin A1c in the blood as a means of determining the average blood sugar concentrations for the preceding two to three months.

Hemophilia

A hereditary disease where blood does not have clotting factors to clot

Hemorrhage

excessive bleeding

hemorrhoids

varicose veins in rectum

Hemothorax

blood in the pleural cavity

hepatitis

inflammation of the liver

HER2/neu

Test that detects a gene that affects the prognosis of, and treatment options for, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and bladder cancer. A tumor that is positive for this is an aggressive tumor that is resistant to hormone therapy and some chemotherapy drugs

Herniated nucleus polposus

Back injury often caused by bending or heavy lifting.Leads to protrusion into the spinal canal and subsequent nerve compression. Most commonly occurs at L5-S1. May result in cauda equina if severe. May present with lumbar pain with activity, spine flexion, or prolonged sitting. May have radicular pain, numbness or weakness of lower extremities. Bowel or bladder incontinence are red flags. Dx with plain radiographs to evaluate disc space; MRI may help.Tx is usually conservative, bed rest and PT. Possibly surgery in severe cases. NSAIDs helpful for pain control, may use systemic or epideral corticosteroids.

Hirsutism

excessive hair growth

Hodgkin's Lymphoma

distinguished from other lymphomas by the presence of large, cancerous lymphocytes known as Reed-Sternberg cells

Holter monitor

a portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an ambulatory patient to continuously monitor the heart rates and rhythms over a 24-hour period

Hordeolum

stye

Hydronephrosis

A condition characterized by excess fluid in a kidney due to a backup of urine.

Hyperemesis gravidarum

excessive vomiting during pregnancy

Hyperextension-Hyperflexion injury

"Whiplash", when a persons head snaps forward and then backward

Hyperopia

A condition in which visual images come to a focus behind the retina of the eye and vision is better for distant than for near objects -- called also farsightedness.

Hypertension

high blood pressure

Hyphema

blood in the anterior chamber of the eye

Hypochondriasis

a disorder characterized by an unreasonable fear that one has a serious disease

hysterectomy

surgical removal of the uterus

iatrogenic

relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment.

idiopathic

unknown cause

Incompetent cervix

premature painless dilation of the cervical os during pregnancy

incontinence

inability to control urination

Influenza

a virus that is fairly common--has symptoms of fever, cough, chills, malaise, etc.

intussusception

A condition in which part of the intestine telescopes into itself.

irritable bowel syndrome

a common condition of unknown cause with symptoms that can include intermittent cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and/or diarrhea

IVP (intravenous pyelogram)

x-ray of kidneys and urinary tract after IV injection; also called excretory urography

jaundice

yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood

Keloid

overgrowth of scar tissue

Ketoacidosis

excessive production of ketones, making the blood acidic

Kleptomania

a continual urge to steal regardless of economic motive

KUB (kidney, ureter, and bladder)

simple radiographic image of the abdomen. It is often used to view the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to determine size, shape, and location. Also used to identify calculi in the kidney, ureters, or bladder, or to diagnose intestinal obstruction; (also called flat plate of the abdomen)

Kyphosis

hunchback

Laceration

a cut, tear

laryngitis

inflammation of the larynx, or voice box

LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis)

the use of a laser to reshape the corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea to correct vision disorders

Lasix

a diuretic that can treat edema and swelling caused by congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease, and other medical conditions.

Legionnaires' disease

severe, often fatal bacterial infection characterized by pneumonia and liver and kidney damage

Leukemia

cancer of white blood cells

Leukoplakia

chalky white, thick, raised patch on sides of tongue

Lung cancer

malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi

Lyme disease

tick-borne disease that causes immune system issues as well as weakness, etc.

Lymphadenopathy

enlarged lymph nodes

Lymphedema

swelling of the tissues due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues

Macule

flat, colored spot on the skin; freckle

Malignant melanoma

malignant tumor composed of melanocytes

Malingering

characterized by the intentional creation of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms to get drugs, money, etc.

Masochism

sexual arousal from being subjected to pain, bondage, or humiliation

Meconium

first stool of the newborn

Meniere's disease

Abnormal condition within the labyrinth of the inner ear that can lead to a progressive loss of hearing. The symptoms are dizziness or vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus (ringing in the ears).

Meningocele

the congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column

Menopause

the time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines

Menorrhagia

excessive menstrual bleeding

Mononucleosis

condition caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and characterized by an increase in mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) in the blood along with enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), fatigue, and sore throat (pharyngitis)

Multiple myeloma

malignant tumor of bone marrow cells

Multiple sclerosis

A chronic disease of the central nervous system marked by damage to the myelin sheath. Plaques occur in the brain and spinal cord causing tremor, weakness, incoordination, paresthesia, and disturbances in vision and speech

Munchausen by proxy

a disorder in which the patient creates illness in another person, usually a child in order to receive feelings of being valued by caring for the person with the illness

Murmur

abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves

Muscular dystrophy

group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system

Myasthenia gravis

autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles

Myocardial infarction

heart attack

Myopia

nearsightedness

Myorrhaphy

surgical suturing of a muscle

Narcolepsy

A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

Necrosis

tissue death

Neoplasm

new growth

Nephroptosis

downward displacement of a kidney

Neurofibromatosis

tumor on peripheral nerves; A condition that causes tumors to form in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Nocturia

excessive urination at night

nosocomial

hospital acquired illness

Nystagmus

repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes

O&P (ova and parasites)

test done to check for parasites

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/ or actions

Onychomycosis

fungal infection of the nail

oophorectomy

surgical removal of an ovary

Ophidophobia

fear of snakes

Opportunistic infection

an infection that causes disease when the immune system is compromised for other reasons

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

a childhood disorder in which children are repeatedly argumentative and defiant, angry and irritable, and in some cases, vindictive

Oral candidiasis

Candida yeast infection of the oral mucosa

ORIF (open reduction internal fixation)

Treatment of a fractured bone with an incision, and the use of plates and screws or pins to hold the fragments together.

Orthosis

the correction of disorders of the limbs or spine by use of braces and other devices to correct alignment or provide support.

Osteoarthritis

inflammation of the bones and joints

Osteomalacia

abnormal softening of bones in adults

Osteomyelitis

inflammation of bone and bone marrow

Osteotome

instrument used to cut bone

Otalgia

pain in the ear

Otitis media

inflammation of the middle ear

otoplasty

surgical repair of the ear

Otorrhea

discharge from the ear

ovary

a female reproductive organ in which ova or eggs are produced, present in humans and other vertebrates as a pair.

Oximeter

instrument used to measure oxygen

Pacemaker

A device that delivers electrical impulses to the heart to regulate the heartbeat

palliative

relieving or soothing the symptoms of a disease or disorder without effecting a cure

pancreas

Organ that regulates the level of sugar in the blood

Panic Disorder

An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.

Pathologic

pertaining to the study of disease

PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome)

An endocrine disorder associated with chronic anovulation, most common in young women (teens to twenties). High LH/FSH ratio in blood; A hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts on the outer edges.

Pediculosis

infestation with lice

Pericardiocentesis

surgical puncture of the membrane surrounding the heart in order to remove fluid

Peritoneal dialysis

dialysis in which the lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood

peritoneum

Double-layered membrane surrounding the abdominal organs

Pernicious anemia

Vitamin B12 deficiency

pharyngitis

inflammation of the pharynx

Pheochromocytoma

tumor of the adrenal medulla

Phimosis

narrowing of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis

Phlebitis

inflammation of a vein

Photophobia

sensitivity to light

PMS (premenstrual syndrome)

syndrome that is onset before menstruation; causes headache, cramps, acne, etc.

PND (post nasal drip)

when mucus builds up in the back of the nose and throat

Pneumonectomy

the surgical removal of all or part of a lung

Pneumonia

An inflammation of lung tissue, wherer the alveoli in the affected areas fill w/fluid

Poikilocytosis

condition characterized by red blood cells in a variety of shapes

Polycythemia vera

general increase in red blood cells

polyp

a mushroom-like growth from the surface of a mucous membrane

Presbyopia

impairment of vision as a result of old age

Priapism

persistent and painful erection

Prolapse

descent of the uterus down the vaginal canal

PROM (premature rupture of membranes)

Rupture of amniotic sac and leakage of amniotic fluid beginning at least 1 hour before onset of labor at any gestational age

prone

lying face down

proton pump inhibitor

a drug that blocks gastric acid secretion; used to treat ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Pruritus

itching

PSA (prostate specific antigen)

Used to diagnose prostate cancer in conjunction with a digital rectal exam

Psoriasis

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

PT (prothrombin time)

a test to measure how long it takes blood to clot. Can be used to check for bleeding problems or whether medicine to prevent blood clots is working. Produced by the liver.

PTT (partial thromboplastin time)

test of blood plasma to detect coagulation defects of the intrinsic system; used to detect hemophilia

PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder)

an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience

Pulmonary embolism

Blocking of a pulmonary artery due to a blood clot

Pyelonephritis

inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney

Pyosalpinx

an accumulation of pus in the fallopian tube

Pyridium

Analgesic; It can relieve symptoms caused by urinary tract infections and other urinary problems.

Pyromania

a compulsion to set things on fire

pyrosis

heartburn; burning sensation in upper abdomen due to reflux of gastric acid

Pyuria

presence of pus in the urine

Radiculopathy

disease of the spinal nerve roots

Rectocele

hernia of the rectum into the vagina

Relapse

presence of cancer after having no symptoms for a time

Remission

the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of cancer

Repetitive strain injury

An injury that can result when a person makes too many of the same motions over a long period of time.

Retinoblastoma

tumor arising from a developing retinal cell

Rhabdomyoma

benign tumor of striated muscle

Rheumatoid arthritis

a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked

Rhinoplasty

plastic surgery of the nose

rhytidectomy

surgical removal of wrinkles

Rigor mortis

stiffness of the body that sets in several hours after death

Romberg's sign

Test used to determine neurological function for balance. Patient will stand with feet together, arms at the side, and eyes closed. Positive Romberg's sign occurs when the patient sways or losses balance during test.

SAB (spontaneous abortion)

miscarriage

SAD (seasonal affective disorder)

controversial disorder in which a person experiences depression during the winter and improvement during the spring

Sadism

the tendency to derive pleasure, especially sexual gratification, from inflicting pain, suffering, or humiliation on others.

Scabies

contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact

Schizophrenia

a psychological disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or diminished, inappropriate emotional expression

Scintigraphy

nuclear medicine procedure that visualizes various tissues and organs after administration of a radionuclide; lights up at places of uptake

Scleral icterus

yellowing of the sclera due to jaundice

sequela

a disorder or condition usually resulting from a previous disease or injury

shin splints (medial tibial stress syndrome)

soreness on the front of the leg due to straining the anterior leg muscles, often as a result of walking up and down hills

sialolithiasis

Presence of a stone in the salivary gland

speculum

an instrument used to enlarge the opening of any canal or cavity to facilitate inspection of its interior

SPEP (serum protein electrophoresis)

measures specific proteins in the blood to help identify some diseases that have abnormal protein levels.

Spiral fracture

ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to a bone

Splenomegaly

enlargement of the spleen

Spondylolisthesis

forward slipping of one vertebra over another

Strabismus

Disorder in which the eyes don't look in exactly the same direction at the same time; cross-eyed or wall-eye

Striae

stretch marks

syncope

fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the cerebrum

Syndactyly

webbed fingers or toes

Tenosynovitis

inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon

Thanatophobia

fear of death

Thoracentesis

the surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to remove fluid from the pleural cavity

Thrombocytopenia

a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood

Tinea pedis

fungal infection of the foot; athlete's foot

Tinnitus

ringing or buzzing in the ears

Tonometry

the measurement of intraocular pressure

Torticollis

head tilt due to shortening or spasm of one sternomastoid muscle

Tourette's Syndrome

Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics, involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds), and odd, involuntary movements of the body, especially of the face and head.

Tracheostomy

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck

Transvestism

wearing clothes of the opposite sex for sexual arousal

Trichotillomania

a disorder characterized by the repeated pulling out of one's own hair

TRUS (transrectal ultrasonography)

a procedure which utilizes sound waves to create an image of the prostate gland and the surrounding tissue.

Tuberculosis

A potentially serious infectious bacterial disease that mainly affects the lungs; it is highly contagious.

TUMT (transurethral microwave therapy)

an outpatient procedure to treat urinary symptoms caused by an enlarged prostate. It's generally used for men with small- to moderate-sized prostates. ... The antenna emits a dose of microwave energy that heats and destroys excess prostate tissue blocking urine flow

Medical Terminology Final Quizlet Flashcards ionicons-v5-c

Medical Terminology Final Quizlet Flashcards