Ncm 116 Rle 2025 Review Slides Flashcards

What is the goal of Insulin Management?

<strong>Criteria for Diagnosis:</strong><ul><li>Symptoms of Diabetes and random blood glucose > 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL)</li><li>Fasting blood sugar > 7 mmol/L (126 mg/dL)</li><li>Two-hour plasma glucose > 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) during an oral glucose tolerance test.</li></ul>

What are the criteria for diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus?

<strong>Definition:</strong> A life-threatening condition affecting people with diabetes, caused by the body breaking down fat too quickly, leading to the production of ketones that acidifies the blood.

What is Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

<strong>Types of Insulin:</strong><ul><li><strong>Regular Insulin:</strong> Short-acting, onset in 30 mins, peak 2-4 hours, duration 5-8 hours.</li><li><strong>NPH (Intermediate Acting):</strong> Onset 1-3 hours, peak 8 hours, duration 10-16 hours; cloudy appearance.</li><li><strong>Fast-acting Insulin:</strong> Starts in 1-2 hours, lasts 3-5 hours; includes Insulin aspart, Insulin lispro, Insulin glulisine.</li><li><strong>Long-acting Insulin:</strong> Mimics basal insulin secretion, lasts from 12 to 42 hours; includes Insulin glargine.</li></ul>

What are the different types of Insulin?

<strong>Purpose:</strong> Insulin syringes are disposable and meant for one-time use to ensure sterility and avoid infection. It is essential to rotate injection sites to prevent lipohypertrophy.

What is the purpose of Insulin Syringes?

<strong>Definition:</strong> A method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract, delivering nutrients directly into the bloodstream through an intravenous (IV) line.

What is Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)?

<strong>Indications for Colostomy Care:</strong><ul><li>Post-surgery patients who have undergone colostomy.</li><li>Patients with colon diseases not amenable to surgical repair.</li><li>Management of fecal diversion in cases of obstruction or trauma.</li></ul>

What are the indications for Colostomy Care?

<strong>Definition:</strong> A method of insulin delivery using a small pump that provides a steady flow of insulin subcutaneously, allowing for more flexible insulin management.

What is Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII)?

<strong>Symptoms:</strong><ul><li>Shakiness or tremors</li><li>Cold sweat</li><li>Confusion or irritability</li><li>Rapid heartbeat</li><li>Dizziness or lightheadedness</li></ul>

What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia?

<strong>Administration:</strong> Long-acting insulin should be injected subcutaneously (under the skin) usually once a day at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood sugar control.

How should long-acting insulin be administered?