Plant Biology Flashcards
Angiosperm
A flowering plant which forms seeds inside a protective chamber called an ovary.
Stem
supporting structure that connects roots and leaves and carries water and nutrients between them
Roots
Absorbs water and minerals from the ground. Anchors plant in ground.
Flowers
Reproductive structures of angiosperms
Leaves
The main photosynthetic organs of vascular plants.
Xylem
vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant
Phloem
Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic substances throughout a plant
Photosynthesis
process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
Stamen
The male reproductive part of a flower
Pistil
The female reproductive part of a flower
Anther
the part of a stamen that contains the pollen.
Pollen
A fine dust that contains the sperm of seed-producing plants
Pollination
The transfer of pollen from male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures in plants
Ovule
A structure that develops within the ovary of a seed plant and contains the female gametophyte.
Chloroplast
An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
CO2 + H2O + sunlight --> C6H12O6 + O2
Chemical reaction for photosynthesis
Meristem
Undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells are formed
Guard cells
control the opening and closing of stomata
Stomata
Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move
Transpiration
Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant
capillary action
the combined force of attraction among water molecules and with the molecules of surrounding materials such as the xylem of the plant
Fruit
A mature ovary of a flower that protects dormant seeds and aids in their dispersal.
Germination
the process whereby seeds or spores sprout and begin to grow
Petals
modified leaves which are usually bright in color to attract pollinators.
Stigma and Style
The female reproductive parts (pistil) of a plant are the ___________ and ___________.
Gymnosperms
A plant that produces seeds that are exposed rather than seeds enclosed in fruits
ground tissue
tissue between the dermal tissue and vascular tissue of a non-woody plant that functions in photosynthesis, storage, and support
dermal tissue
tissue of the plant that makes up the waxy outer layer of the plant
vascular tissue
Plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body.
seed
plant embryo and a food supply encased in a protective covering
ovary
A flower structure that encloses and protects ovules and seeds as they develop.
Sepal
A leaf-like structure that encloses the bud of a flower.
filament
Supports the anther
style
The stalk of a flower's carpel, with the ovary at the base and the stigma at the top.
stigma
Pollen lands on it (sticky) and produces a pollen tube to reach the ovule.
cone
The reproductive structure of a gymnosperm.