Psychology: Memory Flashcards ionicons-v5-c

Memory

Process by which we recall experiences, information, and skills.

Semantic Encoding

Encoding of meaning.

encoding

The translation of information into a form for future use.

storage

Stores memories and makes them available for future use.

retrieval

Locates stored information and returns it to conscious thought.

rehearsal

Repeated repetition of information to help the learning process.

sensory memory

The first memory store -- the immediate, initial recording of data.

short-term memory

Sometimes called working memory -- when information is stored for 10-12 seconds.

long-term memory

Memory stored more than briefly and encoded through rehearsal.

echoic memory

Sensory register of mental traces of sound

iconic memory

Sensory register of accurate, photographic images (visual).

chunking

Organization of items into familiar or manageable units.

mnemonic devices

A sentence or acronym that helps us to memorize a string of words.

serial position effect

The tendency to recall the first and last items in a list more easily.

Recall

Retrieval in which you must search for information that you previously stored.

Recognition

Retrieval in which you must identify items you learned earlier.

Retroactive interference

When a more recent memory disrupts the recall of an older memory.

Repression

The process of moving anxiety-producing memories to the unconscious mind. Freud psychoanalytic theory.

Schema

Packets of information that we have about previous, similar events that we use when making sense of similar events.

Standardised procedure

Where the procedure of a study is the same across all conditions.

Reductionism

The theory of explaining something according to its basic parts.

Serial Reproduction

A technique where participants are asked to recall something again and again.

Ecological validity

The extent to which the results of a study can explain different situations.

Omission

When we leave out unfamiliar, irrelevant or unpleasant details when remembering something.

Anterograde Amnesia

When new long-term memories cannot be made.