Red Cross Cpr Certification Test Flashcards
What do you use in recognizing if there is an emergency? List Examples
-Sight: people running, smoke-Sound: alarm, scream-Taste: gas, blood-Smell: smoke, gas-Feel: earthquake, heat
What is the purpose of the Good Samaritan Laws?
-To provide legal protection for those who assist an injured person-Safe person stays w/in their abilities-No liability for unitended consequences
How do you minimize the risk of disease transmission?
-Avoid touching blood or breathing of the person-Gloves-CPR breathing barriers
3 Basis Emergency Action Steps
CheckCallCare
Name some life threatening diseases that need 911
-head or back injuries-unconsious-severe allergic reaction-near drowning
Name reasons to move an injured person
The scene becomes unsafe:-traffic hazards-fire-lack of oxygen
How do you treat for shock?
1. have the person lie down/comfortable2. call 9113. control external breathing4. elevate the legs 12 inches5. don't give them food6. reassure them
How to check a conscious person
1. Get consent2. ask questions: SAMPLE3. do not touch or move painful injuries
Name signals of someone having trouble breathing
-gasping-paling-increaed heart rate-clutching throat
How do you care for a conscious adult who is choking? SAME for child
-5 back blows between shoulder blades w/ one foot between their legs-if still choking: 5 abdonimal thrusts-repeat until dislodged or unconscious
How long do you check for breathing when determining if someone is unconscious?
No more than 10 seconds(part of ABCs)
Example of call first situation
Cardiac emergencies
Care First Situations
-unconscious victim under 12-drowning-breathing emergenciesDo ABCs
If a child is coughing while choking, what do you do?
Encourage them to keep coughing
Signs of a heart attack
-Chest pain-Discomfort in upper body-Breathing trouble-Pale skin-Dizzy
How long should 5 cycles of CPR last?
2 minutes
What is the cardiac chain of survival?
1. Recognize emergency2. Early CPR3. Early AED4. Early EMS5. Post-care
What does the cardiac chain of survival do?
Increases chance of survival
What does CPR do?
-Helps to circulate the blood to get oxygen to the organs
Continue CPR until...
-Obvious signs of life-AED available-More qualified help comes-too tired-scene becomes unsafe
What components go into effective chest compression?
-allows the chest to return to normal after breaths-delivered fast: 100/min-straight up and down
Depth of compression: adult
-At least 2
Depth of compression: child
-About 2
Hand placements for chest compressions? Adult, child, and infant
Adult: lower half of sternum/center of chestChild: lower half of sternum/center of chestInfant: below nipple-line
Hand position in abdonimal thrusts
-In the middle of abdomen-Just above navel
How often do you check for signs of life in a child and infant?
Every 2 minutes: 5 cycles
Signs an infant is choking
-change colors-can't cry
How should a conscious choking infant's head be held?
Head should be lower than chest
How do you care for a burn?
-run burn under water to cool down-sterile dressing-stay clear of burn source
What are the signals of sudden illness?
-Losing and gaining consciousness-Loss of vision-Blurred vision-Shock symptoms
How do you care for a seizure?
1. guard head2. time it
What is a stroke?
-blockage of bloodflow to brain-caused by: high bp, diabetes, smoking-FAST: Face droops, Arms don't raise, Speech slurred, Time it
What is a diabetic emergency?
-too much or little sugar in bloodstream-check for bracelet/indicator; offer sugar
How do you care for heat emergencies?
get the person out of the heat
Order of heat related problems
Heat crampsHeat exhaustionHeat stroke
Care for frostbite
-Move to warm area-DO NOT RUB-Soak in WARM water-Loosely bandage
How do you control external bleeding? If it continues to bleed?
-Cover wound with steril dressing-Apply direct pressure until it stops-Cover with bandage-911
Signals of internal bleeding
discoloration/painful to touch
Stroke Recognition
FASTFaceArmsSpeechTime
How to care for a person with a head, neck, or spine injury
Support the head in the position you find it-do NOT try to align it
When to use an AED?
When someone experiences cardiac arrest-NOT: around gasoline, alcohol wipes, in water-DON'T use a child AED on adult
What does defibrillation do?
an eletrical shock that disrupts the heart long enough for it to develop its own rhythm
What do early defibrillation and early CPR
increase survival-part of cardiac chain of survival-help regain use of organs
If no shock is advised, what do you do?
Continue CPR compressions
Why is it important to stand clear with analyzing or defibrillation?
you will get shocked
AED step after turning it on
Remove clothing/obstructions then put on pads
Where do the AED pads go?
Upper right and lower left-children: don't let pad's touch; one on chest and one on back
Causes of cardiac arrest for children
1. Traumatic injury2. Congenital heart disease3. Airway and breathing problems
What does RICE stand for? What is it used for?
RestImmobilizeColdElevate-Used for minor muscle, bone or joint injuries